Microcytic Anemias Flashcards
MCC of Iron Deficiency Anemia?
Blood Loss (>5mL/day)
- Malabsorption
Heavy periods, Glossitis, and Cheilosis are ss of ____ anemia
Iron Deficiency
Is ferritin high or low in iron deficiency anemia?
LOW
use up iron stores
Is transferrin high or low in iron deficiency anemia?
HIGH
1 Tx for confirmed iron deficiency anemia
Ferrous Sulfate PO
325mg/day for 3-6mo
SE: N/C/D
Thalassemia definition
Grp of hereditary HgB DOs in which alpha or beta globin chains are mutated -> imbalance b/w A to B chain ratio -> excess globins damage RBC membranes -> Anemia
____ Thalassemia = Chromo 16 Deletions
____ Thalassemia = Chromo 11 Point Mutations
Alpha Thalassemia = Chromo 16 Deletions
Beta Thalassemia = Chromo 11 Point Mutations
4 severity levels of Alpha Thalassemia
1/4 foci =
2/4 foci =
3/4 foci =
4/4 foci =
- 1/4 foci = Silent thalassemia -> Asymp
- 2/4 foci =Thalassemia Treat -> Mild anemia
- 3/4 foci = Hemoglobin H disease ->
- Splenomegaly
- 4/4 foci = Hemoglobin Bart’s (incompatible with life) ->
- Hydrops fetalis
3 severity levels of Beta Thalassemia
- ____ Thalassemia has HIGH HbA2 /HbF and Absent HbH
- ____ Thalassemia has Norm/Low HbA2 / HbF and PRESENT HbH
- Beta = High HbA2 and HbF, Absent HbH
- Alpha = Norm/Low HbA2 and HbF, Present HbH
Those with Thalassemia should avoid which ABX type?
Sulfas -> oxidative stress/hemolysis
Why do those with Thalassemia need to avoid unnecessary Iron supplementation?
They already have an incr iron absorption. Extra iron would make their ss worse!
HgB < ____ requires transfusions
7
Thalassemia pt with frequent transfusions are at high risk for ____ syndrome
Iatrogenic iron overload syndrome -> decr future bone marrow transplant success
Those with severe Thalassemia should take ____ supplements
Iron? Vit B12? Folate?
Folate
“Target cells” =
Pathognomonic
Thalassemia
Microcytic Anemia + “Burton Lines” & Basophilic stippling =
Burton Lines: purple-blue line on the gums
Lead poisoning
