Microcurrent/ high volt

Question 1

High Volt

Answer 1

twin peak monophasic pulses
1-200 pps or Hz
short pulse duration
high voltage- 150-500

Question 2

Mechanisms of ES Healing

Answer 2

attracting appropriate cell types- galvanotaxis
activating cells by altering cell membrane function
modifying endogenous tissue electrical potential
reducing edema
enhancing antimicrobial activity
increasing protein synthesis
Promoting circulaiton/oxygenation

Question 3

Galvanotaxis

Answer 3

the process of attracting charged cells to an electrical field of opposite polarity
ex. anode(+) attracts negative, repels positive charged cells

Question 4

Change in charge when there is skin injury

Answer 4

the body is injured- disturbance within the body’s electrical system causes a shift in current flow at the site of injury- current of injury
charged ions leak out so outside is positively charged
Apply estim to restore normal electrical charge

Question 5

High Volt Current

Answer 5

Twin Peak
Monophasic
Pulsed (short pulse duration) dixed 100-200 us
driven by high voltage 150-500V

Question 6

High Volt for Wound Care

Early Inflammation stage or infected wound

Answer 6

Negative Polarity
Cathode
reverse polarity every 3 days

Question 7

High Volt for Wound Care

Clean, uninfected wound or Proliferation phase

Answer 7

Positive Polarity
Postive electrode- Anode
also used later to facilitate epithelialization

Question 8

High Volt for Edema/Inflammation Mechanism

Answer 8

Negative polarity HVPC retards formation of acute edema

Negative charge repels negatively charged serum proteins, clocking movement out of blood vessels

Question 9

Contraindicated Edema

Answer 9

Do NOT USE stim with systemically caused edema:
Liver failure
Kidney failure
Heart failure

Question 10

High Volt for Edema due to lack of Muscle Contraction

Answer 10

area is cold, pale swollen
without contraction, fluid accumulate
treat motor level ES and elevation
follow by use if compression garment

Question 11

High Volt for Pelvic floor

Answer 11

decrease pelvic floor muscle spasm- levator ani syndrome

Question 12

ES Contraindications

Answer 12

• demand pacemakers or unstable arrythmias
• over carotid sinus/ trans cervical area
• venous/ arterial thrombosis
• over pelvis, abdomen, trunk and lowback during pregnancy

Question 13

General ES Precautions

Answer 13

• applying near wounds
• infection control
• self adhesive electrodes shoulde be single patient use only
• chronic open wounds should be kept clean but cannot be sterile
• protective covers of ES devices available to prevent transmission of MRSA