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MS 2 - Unit 2 > Microbiology - Zoonoses > Flashcards

Microbiology - Zoonoses Flashcards

1
Q

Does the following have a vector?

Bacillus anthracis

A

Not usually, spores are in the dirt
infected cow can be a vector
cause of anthrax

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2
Q

Does the following have a vector?

Francisella tularensis

A

Causes tularemia
vectors are ticks (dermacentor tick), mosquitos, deer flies
reservoir is rabbit

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3
Q

Does the following have a vector?

Brucella species

A

No
Cause of brucellosis
reservoir is all farm animals, EW

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4
Q

Does the following have a vector?

Bartonella henselae

A

Cause of cat scratch fever

vector is flea, tick

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5
Q

Does the following have a vector?

Yersinia pestis

A

Cause of bubonic plague
Vector is the flea
reservoir is rodent

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6
Q

What are the three kinds of anthrax?

A

Cutaneous (painless black eschar),
gastronintestinal,
pulmonary

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7
Q

What is the treatment for anthrax?

A

Cipro (fluoroquinolones - BSA)

Doxy

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8
Q

What kind of organism is Francisella tularensis?

A 
Cause of tularemia (type A for America more virulent than type B which is in Europe)
gram -
aerobic
coccobacilli
facultative intracellular
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9
Q

What kind of organism is Bacillus anthracis?

A 
rods (in chains) *** very unique
obligate aerobe
spore-forming
gram +
encapsulated - unique bc made of PROTEIN (poly-D glutamic acid)
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10
Q

What toxins does anthrax have?

A

EF and LF
edema factor - elevation in cAMP
lethal factor - tissue necrosis

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11
Q

What are the worst outcomes from anthrax?

A

Widened mediastinum on x ray - pulmonary anthrax
pulmonary hemorrhage
has almost 100% mortality

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12
Q

What is “wool sorters disease”

A

pulmonary anthrax

people handling wool inhale spores

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13
Q

What is the most severe form or tularemia?

A

Pneumonic tularemia

inhaling the bacteria is during landscaping

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14
Q

what are the main symptoms of tularemia?

A

Regional lymphadenopathy
granulomas with caseating necrosis
painful ulcer at infection site

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15
Q

Treat tularemia with:

A

Aminoglycosides

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16
Q

Undulant fever is a characteristic sign of what zoonotic disease?

A

Brucellosis

17
Q

What kind of bacteria is Brucella?

A

gram negative

facultative intracellular

18
Q

Chronic brucellosis is characterized by what sequela?

A

Osteomyelitis

Hepatosplenomegaly

19
Q

Treat Brucellosis with:

A

Doxy (tetracyclines)

rifampin as adjunctive therapy WITH doxy

20
Q

What kind of bacteria is Bartonella henselae?

A

gram -

need a special silver stain to visualize - “Warthin-Starry” stain

21
Q

What symptom, besides a scratch from a cat and a fever, clues you in to infection with Bartonella henselae?

A

Axillary lymphadenitis

22
Q

The “version” of cat scratch fever that occurs in immunocomprimised patients (ie HIV), is actually called:

A

Bacillary angiomatosis

Red lesions everywhere - looks like Kaposi’s

23
Q

Treat Bartonella henselae infection with:

A

Doxy

Macrolides for bacillary angiomatosis

24
Q

Infection by Pasteurella multocida is most by:

A

cat bites

can also be dog bites

25
Q

Infection by Capnocytophaga canis is mostly by:

A

dog bites
can also be cat bites

Facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rod, part of normal oral flora of dogs and cats

26
Q

What is the diagnosis?
Incubation period typically 1 - 6 days
History of exposure to rodents, fleas, wild rabbits, sick or dead carnivores, or patients with pneumonic plague

A

Plague
Yersinia pestis
acral necrosis

Bubonic (> 80% of presentations)
rapid onset of fever and painful, swollen, tender lymph nodes - usually inguinal, axillary, or cervical

Pneumonic
high fever, overwhelming pneumonia, cough, bloody sputum, chills

Septicemic
fever, prostration, hemorrhagic or thrombotic phenomena, acral gangrene

27
Q

Treat plague with:

A

Streptomycin

28
Q

How do people get infected with leptospira?

A

Contaminated water - shed in urine of animal reservoir

Acute febrile illness followed by either more mild, self- limiting symptoms or severe multiorgan involvement

29
Q

What is the likely culprit of these symptoms?
Phase 2: (delayed, immune)
New or continued growth of bacteria in organs causes more severe symptoms
Liver: jaundice
Kidneys: renal failure
Lungs: hemorrhage
CNS: aseptic meningitis
Vascular system overall: HUS, DIC, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), vasculitis

A

Leptospira

30
Q

Conjunctivitis/uveitis and exposure to contaminated water source make you think of:

A

Leptospirosis

31
Q

Treat leptospira infection with:

A

Penicillin G

MS 2 - Unit 2 (26 decks)

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