Microbiology: Viral infection

Question 1

chicken pox

• causative organism
• age of infection
• progression of lesions
• presentation- disribution
• complications
• prevention in pregnancy
• vaccination is?

Answer 1

• Varicella Zoster virus
• primary infection in childhood
• macule–papule–vesicle–scab–revovery
• centripetal with varying density and inflamed skin
• fever and itch

-secondary bacterial, 
pneumonitis,  
encephalitis, 
haemorrhagic, 
scarring

• Varicella Zoster immunoglobulin
• life attenuated

Question 2

Shingles

• causative organism
• age of infection
• presentation (progression) and distribution
• complications (4)

Answer 2

• Varicella Zoster Virus
• Elderly and immunocompromised

-Dermatomal distribution
tingling pain–erhythema–vesicles–crusts
neuralgic pain

-Post herpetic neuralgia pain 4+wks
Opthalmic zoster
(effects opthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, scarring and keratosis on cornea)
Ramsey Hunt syndrome
(vesicles in auditory canal and throat+ facial palsy + irritation of the 8th CN tinnitus etc)
Bell’s palsy
(Damage to the facial nerve)

Question 3

Herpes simplex virus

• causes what in children?
• recurrence known as?
• when spreads to eczema, called?

Answer 3

• primary gingivostomatisis
• cold sores
• eczema herpeticum

Question 4

Antiviral therapy

• main antiviral + action
• investigation

Answer 4

-Aciclovir
selectively incorporated into viral DNA and inhibits replication

-swab with viral transport medium

Question 5

Erhythema Multiforme

• appearance
• triggers

Answer 5

• target lesions + erhythema

- drug reactions and infection (HSV)

Question 6

Molluscom Contagiosum

• appearance
• treatment

Answer 6

• fleshy, firm, umbilicated, pearlescent nodules, common in children
• cryotherapy

Question 7

Warts

• causative organisms?
• treatment?

Answer 7

• HPV, types 1-4

- Salicylic acid

Question 8

Virus causing

• Genital warts?
• Cervical cancer?

Answer 8

• HPV types 6&11

- HPV types 16&18

Question 9

Herpangina

• appearance?
• Causative organism
• management

Answer 9

• blistering rash at back of mouth
• enterovirus
• swab and take stool sample

Question 10

Erythema infectiosum

• causative organism
• describe the rash and distribution
• other features
• complications
• investigations

Answer 10

• erythrovirus B19
• facial rash fades and lacy macular rash appears on body
• acute polyarthritis, specially wrists

-spontaneous abortion
aplastic crisis
chronic aneamia

-B19 IgM test

Question 11

Syphilis

• primary infection appearance
• secondary phase infection appearance
• mode of spread
• investigations
• treatment

Answer 11

-painless chancre (ulcers at site of entry)

-REd rash over body, prominent in soles of feet and palms
mucous membranes see snail track ulcers

• sexually transmitted via Treponema pallidum
• bloods and swab chancre
• injected penicillin

Question 12

Lyme disease

• vector and organism
• presentation (early and late)
• treatment

Answer 12

-tics, Borrelia burgdorferi

-E= erythema migrans
L= heart block, nerve palsy, arthritis 

-doxycycline/amoxicillin