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Microbiology > Microbiology: Exam 1 Material > Flashcards

Microbiology: Exam 1 Material Flashcards

0
Q

____ is the classification of all living things.

A

Taxonomy

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1
Q

____ is the scientific study of M.O.’s and their effect on other living organisms; literally it is the study of small life.

A

Microbiology

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2
Q

____ is the ability to exist in one cell or multi cell form.

A

Dimorphism

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3
Q

____is the study of bacteria.

A

Bacteriology

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4
Q

____ is the study of rickettsia

A

Rickettsiology

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5
Q

____ is the study of viruses.

A

Virology

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6
Q

____ is the study of protozoa.

A

Protozoology

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7
Q

____ is the study of fungi.

A

Mycology

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8
Q

Staph and strept infections are examples of ____.

A

Bacteria

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9
Q

What is the smallest free living organism and the cause of primary atypical pneumonia?

A

Mycoplasmas

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10
Q

____ are febrile (fever) infections that are spread mostly by insects. Typhus fever was the example given.

A

Rickettsia

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11
Q

Parrot fever and Non Gonococcal Urethritis (NGU) are examples of ____.

A

Chlamydia

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12
Q

____ are the smallest M.O.’s known.

Examples are measles, mumps, & flu.

A

Viruses

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13
Q

Malaria and amebic dysentery are both examples of ____.

A

Protozoa

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14
Q

Yeasts and molds are two examples of ____.

Examples are athletes foot and thrush.

A

Fungi

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15
Q

____ are extremely hard to kill.

Example is Creutzfeld Jakobs disease (CJ.)

A

Prion

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16
Q

____ is the study of external structure and form without regard to its function.

A

Morphology

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17
Q

The shape spherical (round) is known in microbiology as ____.

A

Coccus

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18
Q

The shape rod (capsule) is known in microbiology as ____.

A

Bacillus

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19
Q

The shape spiral is known in microbiology as ____, ____, and ____.

A

Vibrio (looks like a comma)

Spirillum (looks like a ~)

Spirochete (looks like a corkscrew)

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20
Q

Unit of measure L is ____.

A

Micron

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21
Q

Unit of measure M is ____.

A

Nanometer

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22
Q

Unit of measure S is ____.

A

Angstrom

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23
Q

What is the hierarchy order?

A 
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family 
Genus
Species
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24
____ is ALWAYS capitalized and usually indicates something about the morphology, or may pay honor to the person who discovered it. Example: Staphylococcus aureus
Genus Name
25
____ is NEVER capitalized, and it usually would indicated an infection caused by that M.O. If not, usually indicates a lab characteristic. Example: Staphylococcus aureus
Species Name
26
____ grows together in bunches, like grapes.
Staphylococcus
27
____ grows together in chains of two.
Streptococcus
28
____ grows together in rod shaped bacteria.
Diplobacilli
29
____ is the outermost layer which gives shape and integrity to bacteria; its makeup used to differ among M.O.'s.
Cell Wall
30
____ thinner, inner layer; controls entry and exit into bacteria.
Cell Membrane
31
____ is the living substance in cells.
Cytoplasm
32
____ is located on the outside of certain bacteria; protects cells from phagocytosis, thus enhancing virulence of M.O.'s. Also known as "slime layer."
Capsule
33
____ is the best means of protection any M.O. can possess; NOT a means if reproduction; only 1 per cell, when formed; Bacillus and Clostridium only. These only form during adverse living conditions.
Endospore
34
The engulfing and usually destruction of particulate matter "cell ingestion", and white blood cell eating is the definition of ____?
Phagocytosis
35
____ is the relative power of an organism to produce disease
Virulence
36
____ is any bacteria that can never form endospores; OR any bacteria that can produce endospores, or one currently not producing them.
Vegetative Bacteria
37
____ currently produces endospores; occurs under adverse living conditions.
Sporulating Bacteria
38
____ is when free endospores forms a new vegetative cell when good living conditions return.
Germinating Bacteria
39
____ is used for movement of bacteria; long, whiplike structures attached to outside; many variations are known of. (Monotrichous, peritrichous.)
Flagella
40
____ used to aid in the attachment to the initial site of infection, shorter than flagella. Known as "little hairs."
Pili
41
Bacterial typical reproduction known as ____ (simple transverse division) ; an asexual means.
Binary fission
42
____ is a visible growth of bacteria growing on a culture medium (nutrient broth, blood agar.)
Bacterial colony
43
Bacteria that obtains its food from inorganic matter; contains no carbon is ____ bacteria.
Autotrophic
44
Bacteria that obtains its food from organic matter; contains carbon is ____ bacteria.
Heterotrophic
45
Must obtain its food from dead organic matter is a ___?
Strict (obligate) saprophyte
46
Out of Micron, Angstrom, and Nanometer ____ is the middle unit of measure.
Nanometer
47
Must obtain its food from living organic matter is ____?
Strict (obligate) parasites
48
Obtains its food from either dead or living organic matter; preferred condition is dead matter is ____ bacteria?
Facultative
49
All pathogens are classified as ____?
Heterotrophic.
50
Organism that must have the absence of oxygen to live are ____?
Strict (obligate) anaerobes
51
Organisms have the presence of oxygen to live is ____?
Strict (obligate) aerobes
52
Can live in either the presence or absence of oxygen ; preferred condition is absence is ____?
Facultative Bacteria
53
Out of Micron, Angstrom, and Nanometer ____ is the largest unit of measure.
Micron
54
Organisms that live in the presence of oxygen, but at a level less than required for humans is ____?
Microaerophiles
55
|------------------------------| 0. 7 14 7 is ____ and is ____ alkaline? 13 is ____ and is ____ alkaline?
Water ... Neutral | Milk ... Highly
56
Percentage of H ion in solution; slightly alkaline for most pathogens is ____?
pH
57
Anything above 7 on the pH scale is ____?
Alkaline
58
Anything below 7 on the pH scale is ____?
Acidic
59
10.5 on the pH scale is ____?
Moderately alkaline
60
What is the letter symbol for Angstrom?
S
61
7 on the pH scale is _____ ?
Neutral
62
5 on the pH scale is ____?
Slightly acidic
63
14 on the pH scale is ____?
Highly alkaline
64
Out of Micron, Angstrom, and Nanometer ____ is the smallest unit of measure.
Angstrom
65
What is the letter symbol for Micron?
L
66
0 on the pH scale is ____?
Highly acidic
67
What is the letter symbol for Nanometer?
M
68
3.5 on the pH scale is ____?
Moderately acidic
69
____ is a preferred condition.
Facultative Bacteria
70
____ on the pH scale is the number for water.
7
71
What is the normal pH for blood?
7.3 - 7.4
72
____ on the pH scale is the number for hydrochloric acid.
1
73
____ is 25,000 of and inch.
Micron
74
____ is 250,000 of an inch
Nanometer
75
____ is 2.5 millionth of an inch
Angstrom
76
____ on the pH scale is the number for milk.
13
77
What causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
Rickettsia

Microbiology (6 decks)

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