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MTAP 1 MIDTERMS > Microbiology book > Flashcards

Microbiology book Flashcards

1
Q

Media for gram-negative rods

A

MAC

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2
Q

Result of lactose fermenters on MAC

A

pink, dark pink, or red colonies

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3
Q

Result of non-lactose fermenters on MAC

A

clear and colorless

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4
Q

SBA and CHOC gram-negative rods produce large colonies that appear

A

gray and sometimes mucoid

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5
Q

dry, pink colonies with a surrounding “halo” of pink, precipitated bile salts

A

Escherichia/Citrobacter-like

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6
Q

large, mucoid pink colonies that occasionally have cream-colored centers

A

Klebsiella/Enterobacter

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7
Q

partial lysing of RBCs in an SBA plate around

green discoloration of the medium

A

a-hemolysis

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8
Q

complete clearing of erythrocytes in SBA

A

b-hemolysis

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9
Q

produce a wide, deep, clear zone of β-hemolysis

A

group A β-hemolytic streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes)

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10
Q

a narrow, diffuse zone of β-hemolysis close to the colony

A

group B β-hemolytic streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae and Listeria monocytogenes)

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11
Q

shows medusa head (filamentous appearance)

A

Bacillus anthracis

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12
Q

Dry appearance of colonies

A

Diphtheroids

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13
Q

moist, creamy white to yellowish colonies

A

Staphylococci

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14
Q

produce colonies that are brittle, crumbly, and wrinkled, resembling bread crumbs on a plate.

A

Nocardia spp.

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15
Q

Pigment: green, sometimes a metallic sheen

A

P.aeruginosa

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16
Q

Pigment: brick red especially at room temperature

A

Serratia rubidaea

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17
Q

Kluyvera spp pigment

A

blue

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18
Q

Chromobacterium violaceum pigmentation

A

purple

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19
Q

Pigment is brown-black (anaerobic)

Pigment production for these organisms is variable

A

Prevotella melaninogenica

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20
Q

Odor: old sock (stocking that has been worn continuously for a few days without washing); this odor is evident when bacteria are growing on mannitol salt agar

A

S. aureus

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21
Q

Odor: fruity or grapelike

A

P. aeruginosa

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22
Q

Odor: putrid

A

P. mirabilis

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23
Q

Odor: musty basement, “mousy” or “mouse nest” smell

A

Haemophilus spp

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24
Q

Odor: freshly plowed field

A

Nocardia

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25
phenotypic testing for identifying different strains of bacteria uses antibodies to detect specific antigens located on the bacterial surface
serotyping
26
genotype testing; more accurate than examining the phenotype
Molecular bioiogy
27
utilize carbohydrates by oxidation (aerobically), fermentatively (anaerobically), or both
Oxidation-Fermentation Test
28
useful in the presumptive identification of gram-negative enteric bacteria (intestinal pathogens)
TSI and KIA
29
TSI difference from KIA
TSI contains sucrose
30
Carbohydrate present in KIA
glucose and lactose
31
KIA: lactose is present in a concentration
10:1 (glucose)
32
TSI: sucrose is also present in a ___ concentration
1% 1% lactose and 0.1% glucose, 1% sucrose
33
Detect production of H2S in TSI and KIA
Ferrous sulfate and sodium thiosulfate
34
pH indicator for KIA and TSI
Phenol red
35
Reactions on TSI Agar or KIA: No fermentation Red/Red
alkaline slant/alkaline butt (K/K) alkaline slant/no change (K/NC).
36
Reactions on TSI Agar or KIA: Glucose fermentation only, no lactose (or sucrose in TSI) fermentation Red/Yellow
alkaline slant/acid butt (K/A)
37
Reactions on TSI Agar or KIA: Lactose (or sucrose or both) fermentation Yellow/Yellow
acid/acid (A/A)
38
Reactions on TSI Agar or KIA: alkaline slant/acid butt, H2S in butt
K/A, H2S
39
Reactions on TSI Agar or KIA: acid slant/acid butt, H2S in butt
A/A H2S
40
determine presence of B-galactosidase; lacks presence of B-galactoside
Ortho-Nitrophenyl-β-D Galactopyranoside Test
41
ONPG is structurally similar to
lactose
42
β-Galactosidase hydrolyzes ONPG to
galactose and o-nitrophenol
43
Positive result of ONPG
yellow
44
Methyl Red Test positive reaction
red color
45
Voges-Proskauer Test positive result
red
46
added first as a catalyst or color intensifier for VP
a-napthol
47
determine whether the bacterial species possess enzymes capable of decarboxylating (removing the carboxyl group, COOH) specific amino acids in the test medium.
Decarboxylase test
48
two amino acids commonly used to test for decarboxylase activity
Lysine and Ornithine
49
Medium for decarboxylase test
Moeller decarboxylase base medium
50
pH indicator for decarboxylase
bromocresol purple and cresol red
51
Decarboxylase positive:
yellow
52
decarboxylase negative:
purple
53
Amino acid: Lysine End product:
Cadaverene
54
Amino acid: Ornithine End product
Putrescine
55
Amino acid: Arginine End product:
Putrescine and urea
56
possesses the enzyme that deaminates phenylalanine to phenylpyruvic acid
phenylalanine deaminase (PAD) test
57
Deaminase test is used for the initial differentiation of
PPM: Proteus, Providencia, Morganella
58
Positive result for deaminase test
Green
59
Frequently used medium for citrate utilization
Simmons’ citrate medium
60
Positive result for Simmons’ citrate medium
Green to blue
61
pH indicator of Simmons’ citrate medium
Bromothymol blue
62
Alternative for citrate utilization test
Christensen’s citrate
63
Christensen’s citrate positive result
Yellow to pink
64
DNase test positive:
clear zone around the bacteria
65
Added to DNase test for detection of bacteria
1N HCl
66
Alternative for HCl in DNase
Methyl green
67
degradation product of tryptophan
Indole
68
Positive result for indole test:
Red color after addition of PDAB
69
Ehrlich reagent contains ___ for indole
p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde
70
alternative that does not use xylene for indole
Kovac's reagent
71
____ method is more sensitive than Kovac’s for indole
Ehrlich method
72
Positive result for indole nitrate
blue green color within 2 minutes
73
Rapid indole test: smear onto filter paper with p-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde positive result:
blue green color within 2 minutes
74
determine whether bacteria decarboxylate or deaminate lysine; H2S is also detected
LIA; Lysine Iron Agar Slant
75
LIA contains:
amino acid lysine Glucose ferric ammonium citrate sodium thiosulfate
76
LIA ph indicator
bromocresol purple
77
LIA is used to detect (organisms)
PPM - Proteus, Providencia, Morganella
78
determines if organism can use sodium malonate as its sole carbon source
Malonate utilization
79
Malonate Utilization positive result:
Green to Blue
80
Motility positive result:
movement away from the stab line or a hazy appearance
81
useful in differentiating Klebsiella spp. from Enterobacter and Serratia spp
Motility Indole Ornithine Agar
82
Positive result of Motility Indole Ornithine Agar:
Clouding of the medium or spreading growth from the line of inoculation
83
Nitrate and Nitrite Reduction positive result:
Diazo red dye
84
Determines the presence of the cytochrome oxidase
Oxidase
85
Positive result for oxidase test:
lavender color
86
Kovac’s oxidase test uses
0.5% or 1% aqueous solution of tetramethyl-ρ-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride.
87
Sulfide Indole Motility Agar is used for differentiating gram-negative bacteria in the family:
Enterobacteriaceae
88
Sulfide Indole Motility Agar positive result:
Cloudiness from inoculation H2S black precipitate Indole: pink to red after addition of Kovac's reagent
89
determines whether a microorganism can hydrolyze urea
Urease
90
Preferred agar for urease
Christensen’s urea agar
91
Indicator for Christensen's urea
Phenol red
92
Small fuzzy-edged colony with an umbonate center on SBA or CHOC agar
Eikenella corrodens
93
Bacterial enzyme for spot indole
typtophanase
94
Bacterial enzyme for ONPG
B-galactosidase
95
Bacterial enzyme for oxidase
cytochrome oxidase
96
Presumptive test for S. pneumoniae in sputum, blood, and CSF cultures
Bile solubility
97
Identification of group A streptococci; differentiates enterococcus from group D streptococci
PYR
98
Screening test for cryptococcus, proteus, and klebsiella spp., and Yersinia enterocolitica
Rapid urease
99
Presumptive identification of E. coli and Streptococcus anginosus group; enterohemorhagic E. coli is negative
MUG
100
Presumptive identification of catalase negative, gram postive cocci
LAP

MTAP 1 MIDTERMS (6 decks)

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