Microbiology Flashcards
What do parasitic infections mimic?
They mimic tuberculosis and malignancy
For whom does pulmonary manifestations of parasitic infections affect?
It affects immunocompromised an immunocompetent individuals
Pulmonary Echinococcosis Agent, Epidemiology, Infection, Transmission, Pathogenesis
Echinococcus, granulosus, worldwide epidemiology.
Infection is Fecal Oral: When food contaminated by eggs in dog feces.
Transmission: Definitive Host is dog. Intermediate host is sheep and cattle. Accidental host is human.
Pathogenesis: eggs hatch into larvae in GI tract –> enter blood–> migrate to liver and lungs–> form hydatid cysts. Spread from liver to lung.
What is the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of pulmonary echinococcosis:
Clinical Presentation: chest pain, persistent cough, hemoptysis.
Diagnosis: chest x-ray. Well defined cysts on RLL and posterior segment. CT scan has cysts.
Management is aspiration, injection,PAIR
Pulmonary Paragonimiasis
Agent, Epidemiology, Infection, Transmission, Pathogenesis
Agent: Paragonimus Westerrermanii (lung fluke)
Epidemiology: S/SE Asia
Infection: Ingestion of metacercariae in pickled/undercooked crustaceans (crabs/ cray fish)
Transmission: eggs excreted in water via feces –> freshwater snails –> crustaceans (crabs, crayfish)
Pathogenesis: Cysts form in duodenum –> form into larvae —> adult fluke which develop and penetrate intestines to lungs. Eggs are swallowed and passed into the stool. Ectopic sites include CNS. In lungs there is inflammatory reaction/ eosinophilia.
What is the clinical manifestation of pulmonary paragonimiasis?
Diagnostic tests?
Clinical manifestation: cough, chest pain, dyspnea, hemoptysis.
Diagnostic Test: CXR, cysts (cavitated nodules), peri-bronchial granulomas, abscess.
Pulmonary Schistosomiasis: agent, Epidemiology, Infection, Transmission, Pathogenesis
Shistosoma Mansoni: S haemotobium, S. Japonicum.
Epidemiology: Tropics/Sub-tropics
Infection: Skin penetration by cercaria
Transmission: eggs excreted in freshwater –> snails acquire eggs in water –> cercaria penetrate skin and enters blood.
Pathogenesis: cercaria migrate to lungs then to liver (via portal blood) and matures into adult worms –> migrate to venus plexus of bladder and intestinal mucosa.
What is Pulmonary Schistosomiasis Clinical manifestation, diagnostic tests
Clinical Manifestation: Katayama fever ( fever, pruritic rash, dry cough, wheezing, dyspnea, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, eosinophilia.
Diagnostic Tests: CXR pulmonary nodules (several small or large) with ground glass halos and ill defined border
