Microbiology

Question 1

UV

Answer 1

Ultraviolet

Question 2

CSF

Answer 2

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 3

MIC

Answer 3

Minimum inhibitory concentration

Question 4

UTI

Answer 4

Urinary tract infection

Question 5

BNP

Answer 5

Bacitracin Neomycin Polymixin

Question 6

TMS

Answer 6

Trimethoprim sulfa

Question 7

OTC

Answer 7

Over the counter

Question 8

Gram-positive cocci

Answer 8

Staphylococcus

Streptococcus

Question 9

Gram-positive bacilli

Answer 9

Bacillus

Clostridium

Question 10

Gram-negative bacilli

Answer 10

Bordetella
Brucella
Escherichia
Pasteurella
Proteus
Pseudomonas
Salmonella

Question 11

Gram-negative spirochetes

Answer 11

Borrelia

Leptospira

Question 12

Microorganism

Answer 12

A microscopic organism; examples include bacteria, rickettsiae, viruses, fungi, algae, and Protozoa and protists

Question 13

Cocci

Answer 13

Plural of coccus; spherical bacterium

Question 14

Pili

Answer 14

Hair-like appendages not involved in movement but help bacteria adhere to mucous membranes

Question 15

Spores

Answer 15

A rounded, resistant form adopted by a bacterial cell in adverse conditions

Question 16

Peptidoglycan

Answer 16

Forms bacterial cell walls and is responsible for structural rigidity

Question 17

Crystal violet

Answer 17

Initial stain in staining methods that stains all bacteria purple

Question 18

Safranin

Answer 18

Counter stain that colors all gram-negative bacteria red/pink after initial staining and decolorization

Question 19

Gram-positive

Answer 19

Bacteria that resist decolorization by a mixture of alcohol and acetone in Gram’s method of stain gin and thus retains the crystal violet iodine complex and appear purple

Question 20

Gram-negative

Answer 20

Bacteria that resist decolorization by a mixture of alcohol and acetone in Gram’s method of staining and are only stained with a counter stain (usually red)

Question 21

Normal flora

Answer 21

Bacteria found in or on the body on a semipermanent basis without causing disease.

Question 22

Mastitis

Answer 22

Inflammation of the mammary gland

Question 23

Virulent

Answer 23

Capable of causing disease

Question 24

Opportunistic Pathogen

Answer 24

Infectious microorganism that normally doesn’t harm its host, but can cause disease when the host’s resistance is low

Question 25

Aseptic

Answer 25

Free form infection or septic material; sterile

Question 26

Aspirates

Answer 26

Removal of fluid and/or cells through a needle

Question 27

Agar

Answer 27

Solid gel-like media used as a growth medium

Question 28

Enteric

Answer 28

Pertaining to the small intestine

Question 29

Zone of inhibition

Answer 29

Area on an agar surface that indicates the effectiveness of a antimicrobial agent (no growth area)

Question 30

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)

Answer 30

Method for determining the lowest concentration of an antibiotic that will prevent growth of a particular bacterium

Question 31

Broad-spectrum Antibiotic

Answer 31

Antibiotic that acts against a wide range of disease causing bacteria (gram-negative and gram-positive)

Question 32

Mycology

Answer 32

The study of fungi and fungal diseases

Question 33

Yeast

Answer 33

General term including unicellular, nucleated, usually rounded fungi that reproduce by budding

Question 34

Mold

Answer 34

Any group of parasitic and saprophytic fungi causing cottony growth on organic substances; deposit of growth produced by such fungi

Question 35

Thrush

Answer 35

Chronic, superficial, necrotic lesion of mucosa or epithelium

Question 36

Dermatophyte

Answer 36

Parasitic fungi on the skin, including Microsporum, Trichophyton and Epidermophyton spp.

Question 37

Ringworm

Answer 37

Infection of the superficial layers of the skin and hair fibers with one of a group of dermatophytic fungi; contagious; most common causative agents are Microsporum and Trichophyton

Question 38

Interferon

Answer 38

Cytokines that elicit other cellular reactions, such as the prevention of viral replication and influence the actions of natural killer (NK) cells

Question 39

Disinfectants

Answer 39

A chemical substance that destroys/kills bacteria

Question 40

Antiseptics

Answer 40

Agent capable of preventing infection by inhibiting the growth of infectious agents; can be applied to living tissues

Question 41

Sterilization

Answer 41

The destruction of all disease-producing organisms and spores on an object