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VT 9 Terms > Animal Behavior > Flashcards

Animal Behavior Flashcards

1
Q

Ethology

A

The scientific study of animal behavior

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2
Q

Anthropomorphism

A

The projection of human behaviors or characteristics on to animals

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3
Q

Neoteny

A

The presence of immature characteristics into adulthood

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4
Q

Pheromone

A

A substance released by an animal and perceived (by smell) by another animal of the same species, causing a certain behavior

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5
Q

Docile

A

Tame and easy-going

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6
Q

Agnoistic

A

Competitive or combative

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7
Q

Solitary

A

Being the only one; being separated from others

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8
Q

Gregarious

A

Forming or living as a group in herds, packs or flocks with others of the same species

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9
Q

Harem

A

A group of females and their offspring defended by a single male.

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10
Q

Bachelor Herd

A

Herd of adult males without harems

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11
Q

Posture

A

An attitude of the body; the natural and comfortable bearing of the body on normal, healthy animals

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12
Q

Piloerection

A

Condition of the hair standing straight up; “raising the hackles”.

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13
Q

Dominant

A

Exerting a ruling or controlling influence in a hierarchy

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14
Q

Subordinate

A

Belonging to a lower class or rank in a social hierarchy

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15
Q

Submissive

A

Yielding or surrendering to the authority of another

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16
Q

Hierarchy

A

Order of superiority from most dominant to lowest subordinate; aka “pecking order”

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17
Q

Obedience

A

Training for dogs so that they listen to their owners at all times

18
Q

Stimulus

A

Any agent, act or influence that excites or activates

19
Q

Altricial

A

Helpless at birth or hatching, requiring parental care for a period of time

20
Q

Precocial

A

Active and able to move freely from birth or hatching with little parental care

21
Q

Imprinting

A

Learning in the very young based mainly on maternal attachment and acquisition of basic behavior patterns

22
Q

Extinction

A

Behavioral modification technique that removes a positive reward for a previously rewarded behavior

23
Q

Counter-conditioning

A

Training an animal to perform a response to a stimulus that is different and incompatible with the previous response to the same stimulus

24
Q

Desensitization

A

Changing an emotional response by using a gradually increasing stimulus to reduce the stimulus’ impact on the animal

25
Q

Socialization

A

Familiarization between animals in a group; companion animals with humans or other objects and environments

26
Q

Temperament

A

Behavior characteristics and mental cast of an animal.

27
Q

Aggression

A

Behavior that is angry, destructive, and intended to be injurious, physical or emotional and aimed at domination of one animal by another.

28
Q

Separation Anxiety

A

Display of destructive behavior, vocalization, urination & defecation by some dogs when left alone or separated from their owner

29
Q

Ventriculocordectomy

A

Punch resection of the vocal cords; debarking; devocalization

30
Q

Stereotypy

A

Excessive, repetitive behavior

31
Q

Positive

A

Addition of a stimulus

32
Q

Negative

A

Removal of a stimulus

33
Q

Reinforcement

A

Increases a behavior

34
Q

Punishment

A

Decreases a behavior

35
Q

Positive reinforcement

A

The addition of a pleasant stimulus to increase behavior

36
Q

Positive punishment

A

Addition of an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior

37
Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase a behavior

38
Q

Negative punishment

A

Removal of a pleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior

39
Q

Examples of positive reinforcement

A
  • herd of cows runs to a pickup truck that is often used to bring them hay
  • a dolphin is given a fish after it closely follows the tip of s stick held by a trainer
  • a tiger is given a treat when it sits up
40
Q

Examples of positive punishment

A
  • a dog is loudly scolded while urinating on the carpet
  • a cat sets off a mouse trap when it jumps on the counter
  • a bark collar
41
Q

Examples of negative reinforcement

A
  • a cat successfully squirms out of the owners arms whenever it is held on its back
  • a llama learns to enter s shelter when the weather is windy and raining
  • a foal is trained not to pull on the halter by being tied to an overhead cable
42
Q

Examples of negative punishment

A
  • a hand held bucket of grain is taken away from a pony if it gets to close to the handler
  • if you pet a dog while it plays with a toy and it growls at you, take the toy away
  • a dog jumps on you while playing and you then tell him no and stop playing

VT 9 Terms (6 decks)

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