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Infection Control > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

What shape is Cocci bacteria?

A

Spherical

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2
Q

What shape is bacilli bacteria?

A

Rod shaped

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3
Q

What shape is spirilla bacteria?

A

Spiral shaped

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4
Q

What shape is vibrios bacteria?

A

Comma shaped

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5
Q

What shape is spirochetes bacteria?

A

Corkscrew

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6
Q

What colour does gram positive bacteria turn when stained?

A

Purple

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7
Q

What colour does gram negative bacteria turn when stained?

A

Pink

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8
Q

What are obligate pathogens?

A

pathogens that always cause disease

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9
Q

What is saprophytic bacteria?

A

bacteria that only replicate of dead tissue

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10
Q

What is Symbionts bacteria?

A

Bacteria that provides benefits

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11
Q

what bacterias are much smaller than others?

A

Rickettsias
Mycolasmas
Chlamydias

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12
Q

what organelles does a bacteria cell contain?

A

Cell wall
Both DNA and RNA
Ribosomes

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13
Q

What organelles does bacteria not have?

A

a nucleus

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14
Q

What size is bacteria measured in?

A

Micrometers

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15
Q

What size are viruses measured in?

A

nanometers

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16
Q

What would you need to be able to see a virus cell?

A

and electron microscope

17
Q

What do viruses consist of?

A

RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein coat

18
Q

What do viruses need to replicate?

A

a host cell

19
Q

What is the name of the protein coat in a virus?

A

capsid

20
Q

What name refers to the protein coat and nucleic acid together in a virus?

A

Necleocapsid

21
Q

What are the shapes of viruses?

A

Helical, Icosahedral and complex

22
Q

What is true lipid bilayer that sometimes encloses the virus cell called?

A

Envelope

23
Q

What are some examples of viral diseases in cats?

A

Feline Leykaemia virus & feline immunodeficiency virus from the retrovirus
Rabies
Feline herpesvirus - Rhinotracheitis
Feline Parvovirus (panleukopenia) caused by feline infectious enteritis
Feline Calicivirus

24
Q

How do bacteria replicate?

A

Through Binary Fission

25
Q

What is binary fission?

A

the process where one cell divides to give two identical daughter cells

26
Q

What does Prokaryotic mean?

A

cells do not have a membrane-bound nucleus

27
Q

What are the stages of binary fission?

A 
Bacterial cell prepares to divide
Chromosome replicates 
Septum forms 
Cytoplasm divides around each chromosome 
two identical daughter cells are formed 
cell grows to full size before dividing
28
Q

What is the structure of a bacteria cell?

A 
Cell wall
Plasma membrane 
Cytoplasm 
Ribosomes
Pili 
Nucleoid
29
Q

What is the plasma membrane in a bacteria cell?

A

Acts as a permeability barrier for most molecules and serving as the location fro the transport of molecules into the cell

30
Q

What are Pili on the bacteria cell?

A

Hollow hair like structures made of protein allow bacteria to attach to other cells

31
Q

What is the nuvleoid in a bacteria cell?

A

the region of the irregularly-shaped section of a prokaryotic cell where DNA is housed

32
Q

What take place in virus replication inside the host cell?

A
  1. the virus attaches to the receptor sites on the host cell membrane and fuses with it
  2. the virus enters the host cell and the proton coat breaks down to release the viral nucleic acid.
  3. the viral nucleic acid replicates in the host and directs the host cell metabolism to make new virus material.
  4. the new virus assembles
  5. They leave the host cell by breaking through the cell membrane
33
Q

What are examples of gram-negative bacteria?

A

Pseudomonas
Salmonella
E. Coli

34
Q

What are examples of Gram-positive bacteria?

A

Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Colstridium

Infection Control (9 decks)

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