Microbiology Flashcards
What shape is Cocci bacteria?
Spherical
What shape is bacilli bacteria?
Rod shaped
What shape is spirilla bacteria?
Spiral shaped
What shape is vibrios bacteria?
Comma shaped
What shape is spirochetes bacteria?
Corkscrew
What colour does gram positive bacteria turn when stained?
Purple
What colour does gram negative bacteria turn when stained?
Pink
What are obligate pathogens?
pathogens that always cause disease
What is saprophytic bacteria?
bacteria that only replicate of dead tissue
What is Symbionts bacteria?
Bacteria that provides benefits
what bacterias are much smaller than others?
Rickettsias
Mycolasmas
Chlamydias
what organelles does a bacteria cell contain?
Cell wall
Both DNA and RNA
Ribosomes
What organelles does bacteria not have?
a nucleus
What size is bacteria measured in?
Micrometers
What size are viruses measured in?
nanometers
What would you need to be able to see a virus cell?
and electron microscope
What do viruses consist of?
RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein coat
What do viruses need to replicate?
a host cell
What is the name of the protein coat in a virus?
capsid
What name refers to the protein coat and nucleic acid together in a virus?
Necleocapsid
What are the shapes of viruses?
Helical, Icosahedral and complex
What is true lipid bilayer that sometimes encloses the virus cell called?
Envelope
What are some examples of viral diseases in cats?
Feline Leykaemia virus & feline immunodeficiency virus from the retrovirus
Rabies
Feline herpesvirus - Rhinotracheitis
Feline Parvovirus (panleukopenia) caused by feline infectious enteritis
Feline Calicivirus
How do bacteria replicate?
Through Binary Fission
What is binary fission?
the process where one cell divides to give two identical daughter cells
What does Prokaryotic mean?
cells do not have a membrane-bound nucleus
What are the stages of binary fission?
Bacterial cell prepares to divide Chromosome replicates Septum forms Cytoplasm divides around each chromosome two identical daughter cells are formed cell grows to full size before dividing
What is the structure of a bacteria cell?
Cell wall Plasma membrane Cytoplasm Ribosomes Pili Nucleoid
What is the plasma membrane in a bacteria cell?
Acts as a permeability barrier for most molecules and serving as the location fro the transport of molecules into the cell
What are Pili on the bacteria cell?
Hollow hair like structures made of protein allow bacteria to attach to other cells
What is the nuvleoid in a bacteria cell?
the region of the irregularly-shaped section of a prokaryotic cell where DNA is housed
What take place in virus replication inside the host cell?
- the virus attaches to the receptor sites on the host cell membrane and fuses with it
- the virus enters the host cell and the proton coat breaks down to release the viral nucleic acid.
- the viral nucleic acid replicates in the host and directs the host cell metabolism to make new virus material.
- the new virus assembles
- They leave the host cell by breaking through the cell membrane
What are examples of gram-negative bacteria?
Pseudomonas
Salmonella
E. Coli
What are examples of Gram-positive bacteria?
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Colstridium
