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RenalJaz > microbiology > Flashcards

microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

distal urethra is colonised by

A

coliforms and enterococci from bowel

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2
Q

complicated UTI is ass with __/__/___

A

sepsis
structural abnormalities
stones

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3
Q

bacteriuria is common in __/__

A

elderly/catheterised

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4
Q

smells like burnt chocolate

A

proteus

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5
Q

organism that causes struvite stone formation

A

proteus

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6
Q

swarming cultures =

A

proteus

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7
Q

proteus produces ___ which alkalinises the urine leading to precipitation of __

A

urease

salts

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8
Q

coag -ve staph that can cause UTI in F of child-bearing age

A

staph saphrophyticus

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9
Q

a gram -ve bacilli that can cause UTIs but isnt a coliform

A

pseudomonas

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10
Q

organisms that commonly cause UTIs

A 
E coli
Klebsiella
enterobacter
proteus
enterococci
pseudomonas
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11
Q

container used for urine samples that last 24hrs

A

Boricon

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12
Q

sterile universal containers for urine samples must get to the lab within

A

2hrs

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13
Q

don’t dipstick__/___ use clinical signs to diagnose them

A

catheter / elderly

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14
Q

___ doesnt change nitrates to nitrites and so gives a -ve dipstick

A

enterococci

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15
Q

> ___ organisms/ml = significant /probable UTI

A

10^5

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16
Q

in non-catheterised ptnt if mixed growth of >=10^5 =

A

not significant unless anatomical abnormality

17
Q

effective Abx for ESBL producing bacteria

A 
nitrofurantoin
temocillin
meropenem
etrapenem
fosfomycin
pivmecillinam
18
Q

CPE = ___ that are resistant to __

associated with travel to ___

A

coliforms
meropenem
India

19
Q

only treat asympt bacteruria if __ as can lead to __/__

A

pregnant
IUGR
premature birth

20
Q

only give Abx in bacteriurial catheter ptnt if ___ otherwise it leads to __

A

symptomatic

increased risk of resistant infection

21
Q

abacterial cystitis /urethral syndrome can be caused by __

A

early phase of UTI
chlamydia/gonorrhea
urethral trauma “honeymoon cystitis”

22
Q

treatment of abacterial cystitis =

A

alkalinise urine for sympt control

23
Q

give gentamicin for only ___ unless there is an exception

A

3 days

24
Q

safe to use in any trimester of pregnancy to treat asympt bacteriuria/UTI

A

cefalexin

25
Q

1st line Rx for lower UTI

A

trimethoprim / nitrofurantoin
F = 3 days
M = 7 days

26
Q

in GP Rx for complicated UTI/pyelonephritis

A

coamox / cotrimox 14days

27
Q

in hosp Rx for complicated UTI/pyelonephritis

A

amox and gent IV (3 days)

if allergic = co-trimox and gent

RenalJaz (10 decks)

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