Microbiology 4: Infection Cases Flashcards
What is the typical appearance of Pneumocystis Jiroveccii pneumonia on CT ?
Bilateral Widespread patchy consolidation with Ground glass opacity sparing the lung bases.
Which sinus infections are poorly controlled diabetics more susceptible to ?
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis
A fungal infection that infects the sinuses and can invade into the frontal lobes of the brain
The fungi is called Mucor
Which organisms are people with complement defficiency more susceptible to ?
Encapsulated organisms - Neisseria Meningitidis, Streptococcus Pneumoniae
Which organisms are people with neutrophil deficiency more susceptible to ?
Staphylococcus infections
Which organisms are people with T cell deficiencies more susceptible to ?
Candida
PCP
CMV
EBV
Which indolent infections are more common in alcoholics ?
Actinomycetes lung/ brain abscesses
Which histological feature is characteristic of actinomyces infections ?
Basophilic sulphur granules
Which antibiotic is recommended for treatment of mild C.diff infections ?
Metronidazole
Which antibiotic is recommended for treatment of severe C.diff infections ?
Vancomycin + metronidazole
antibiotics for CAP
co-amoxiclav and clarithromycin
antibiotics for pneumocystitis jirovecii pneumonia
co-trimoxazole
what is the main determinant of immune damage in HIV
CD4+ count
what type of infections do you get in T cell deficiency
sepsis
CMV, EBV, enteroviral hepatitis
candida, PCP
aggressive, opportunistic infections
what type of infections do you get in B cell deficiency
strep, staph
enteroviral encephalitis
giardia
recurrent sinopulmonary infections
what type of infections do you get in neutrophil deficiency
staph, pseudomonas
candida, aspergillus
features of actinomyces lung abscesses
gram +ve rod, branches
indolent, slow growing
basophilic sulphur granules
how is osteomyelitis managed
antibiotics not usually curative
removal of devitalised tissues and prevention of extension of the infection by providing adequate drainage is very important
common bacteria causing diarrhoea
E coli O157
shigella
salmonella
C. diff
what infection is common in those on l-t antibiotics
C. diff
non -severe give metronidazole
severe - change to vancomycin
can progress to severe ileus and vomiting
what drugs, aside from antibiotics, can cause C. diff
cytotoxic drugs, antacids/ PPIs, non-surgical GI procedures eg NG tube
how does C. diff infection present
explosive, watery, foul-smelling diarrhoea
high WCC + low CRP
