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CNS > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

clinical picture of meningitis is:

A

headache, photophobia, fever, neck stiffness

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2
Q

the tests that we do for suspected meningitis patients

A

CSF and blood test

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3
Q

leading major bacterial causes of meningitis are:

A

Hflu
streptococcus penumonia (pneuomococcus)
neiseria meningitidis (meningiococcus)

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4
Q

leading major bacterial causes of meningitis are:

A

Hflu
streptococcus penumonia (pneuomococcus)
neiseria meningitidis (meningiococcus)
Listeria
Salmonella

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5
Q

most common causes of neonatal meningitis:

A

group B hemolytics
Gram negatibe bacilli ( enterobactiralis)= e coli + klebsiella

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6
Q

VP Shunt associated causes of meningitis:

A

epidermis, s.aureus, acinobacter
pseudomonas aurginosa
Gram negative bacilli

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7
Q

most common causes of meningitis in immnocomprimised patients :

A

Listeria
Cryptococcus neoformans

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8
Q

morphologic features of Hflu

A

Coccobacillus, gram negative
Oxidase positive and catalase positive iga proteases
grows on chocolate agar needin factors X and V

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9
Q

Satellitism is found in what bacteria

A

Hflu

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10
Q

detection of Hflu is by:

A

slide latex agglutination test
quelling, iridescent, capsule

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11
Q

incidences where Hflu happens usually in

A

Not in children up to 2 months
in children 2-4 years
in winter, with low economic status and closed communities (nursings and daycare centers)

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12
Q

DOC for meningitis of Hflu now VS then
prophylaxis and acute epiglotittis
less serious cases

A

ceftriaxone, cefotaxime {IV}
ampicillin and chloamphinicole
rifampicine
ceftriaxone
amoxicillin, augumentin, clarithromycin

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13
Q

H paraflu requires:
H aprophilus and. ducreyi requires: and causes:
H aegypyticus causes :
Hparaflu , H aphrophilus & H paraphrophilus causes:

A

factor V
Factor X (causes chancroids)
purelent conjectivitis and brazilian
endocarditis, lung abcess, dentals , brain abcess

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14
Q

meningococcus morphologic features:

A

Gram negative , INTRACELLULAR,
Oxidase POSITIVE

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15
Q

preddisposing conditions of meningocoocus:

A

overcrowded

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16
Q

invasive diseases by meningococcus:

A

PURELENT meningitis
waterhous syndrome
skin redness

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17
Q

treatment of meningococcus :

A

ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, penicilin

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18
Q

streptococcus morphologic features

A

+: gram, optochin, bile soluble, quellung, antiserum
-:catalase, motility, spore forming

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19
Q

strep pneumoniae virulence factors:

A

capsule, iga protease
pneumolysin, autolysin (draughtsman colony)

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20
Q

skull base fracture causes recurrent meingitis in what bacteria:

A

pneumococcus

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21
Q

treatment of pneumococcus

A

vancomycin

22
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans is negative for? and positive for?

A

india ink and fermintation
latex agglutination test and UREAE

23
Q

Treatment of cryptococcus neoformans

A

immunocompromised: amphotericin B
immnuocompetent : itraconazole and fluconazzole

24
Q

a person who uses neti pots has high risk of:?
and it causes:

A

naegleria fowleri
primary amebic meningioencephalitis

25
Q

treatment of naegleria fowleri:

A

amphotericin B
it rarely work

26
Q

acanthamoeba can cause in immunocomprimsied _______ and can also cause _________

A

chronic meningioencephalitis
uclerative amoebic keratitis

27
Q

nematode (rat lungworm) is the most common causes of:
escargote

A

eosinophili meningitis (cus its worms)

28
Q

the most common viral causes of meningitis are:

A

VZV
HSV

29
Q

Syphilis causes ______ in brain

A

lymphatocytic CSF (tertiary neurosyphilis)

30
Q

streptococcus agalactiae morphology, type of agar, its tests

A

gram positive cocci,
sheep blood agar shows GBS
bacitracin resistance, catalase negative, hippurate and CAMP positive

31
Q

a microbe thats related to placental capsules

A

s.agalactae

32
Q

the least causative agent of meningitis in neonats is

A

salmonella?

33
Q

listeria morhology agar and tests

A

gram positive baciili
sheep agar and shows beta hemolysis
catalase positive , camp+ hippurate are positive
slide agglutination is negative
not fastidious (environmental)

34
Q

______ shows tumbling motility and an umbrella growth

A

listeria

35
Q

internalin A, listeriolysin O, phospholipase C, ActA
are all virulence factors for? and what are. their function?

A
  • listeria
  • internalization, O+C dissolution of vacuole in cytoplasim, motility and spread
36
Q

granulomatosis infatseptica (granuloma and abscess) is caused by what organism

A

listeria

37
Q

____ causes acurte GEitis specially with raw meat or cheese, cook chill

A

listeria

38
Q

____ drug is not used with listeria

A

cephalosporin

39
Q

clostridium featurees

A

gram positive bacilli (pleomorphism) and gram varies
obligate intracellular, only spore former
redox potential
can be tetanus or botulinsm

40
Q

found in soil, has AB type ( a is the light chain for inh of GABA \ B is heavy chain for internalization)

A

clostridum tetanus

41
Q

lockjaw, sardonicus, opsithotonus syppathetic stimulation are all seen in ___?

A

tetanus
sardonicus: smiling
opsithotonus: arched back

42
Q

______ has lysogenic converion , proteinous toxin, AB type (light chain for ACH and B chain is heavy and for internalization)

A

botulinum toxin

43
Q

organism is found in meats, canned food, honey, alkaline vegies , feul station nachos, potato salad.

what is it and it might cause ___ in babies or ____ in skin

A

botulinum
floppy child syndrome
skin popping

44
Q

diplopia, ptosis are seen in___?

A

botulinum
there wont be loss of conscientious or sensation
only descending moto loss (death: respiratory failure)

45
Q

mold like pellicle and stained by acid fast chain

A

mycobacterium

46
Q

leprae transmission and incubation

A

obligate intracellular
skin to skin or inhalation
long (not found in children)

47
Q

targets schwann cells
loss of sensory and motor functions
distruction of digits , saddle nose , blindness and loss of eyebreows

A

leprosy

48
Q

poor serology for lepromin
multi bacillary seen in acid fast
infectivity is higher
extensive erythmatous in skin
nerve enlargement

what type of leprosy is this?

A

lepromatous

49
Q

good immune respone to it
pauci bacillary
lower infectability
a few large hypo pigmented macules
neuronal enlargement

A

tuberculoid

50
Q

leprosy treatment is prolonged and combined ( mutants) but cure rate is high

A
51
Q

hearing loss with meningitisand also epiglottis is seen in

A

hflu

52
Q

meningococcus prophylaxis

A

rifampicin for children and ciprofloxacin for adults

CNS (6 decks)

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