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foundations of medicine 3 > microbiology > Flashcards

microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

what is colonisation

A

presence of microbe in the human body without an inflammatory response

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2
Q

what is an infection

A

inflammation due to a microbe

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3
Q

what is bacteraemia

A

presence of viable bacteria in the blood

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4
Q

what is bacteriuria

A

presence of viable bacteria in urine

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5
Q

what is used to treat MRSA

A

vancomycin

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6
Q

what does MIC stand for

A

minimum inhibitory concentration

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7
Q

what is MIC

A

the concentration of antibiotic needed in tissue for bacteria to not grow anymore

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8
Q

what is beta haemolysis

A

complete haemolysis

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9
Q

what is alpha haemolysis and what colour does it turn

A

partial haemolysis
turns green

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10
Q

what is gamma haemolysis

A

no haemolysis

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11
Q

what is a clinical breakpoint

A

the chance of reaching MIC with the normal doses - whether a bug is susceptible to a drug or not

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12
Q

what is the criteria for septic shock

A

DESPITE ADEQUATE FLUID RESUS
- persistent hypotension requiring vasopressors to maintain MAP greater than or equal to 65 mmHg AND
- lactate greater than or equal to 2 mmol/l

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13
Q

what are the 5 pillars of inflammation

A

calor
rubor
dolor
tumor
functio laesa

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14
Q

acronym for the first management of sepsis

A

BUFALO

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15
Q

what does BUFALO stand for

A

blood cultures
urine output
fluids
antibiotics IV
lactate
oxygen

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16
Q

what are rigors a vary good indicator for

A

bacteraemia

17
Q

what is the current scoring system for sepsis

A

NEWS criteria

18
Q

what news score indicates sepsis should be considered

A

+5t

19
Q

what is the main circulatory effect in sepsis

A

vasodilation

20
Q

what is used to treat legionella

A

levoflaxacin

21
Q

what is used to test for legionella

A

urine test

22
Q

what should be considered in any patient who comes in with severe pneumonia

A

HIV

23
Q

name some conditions which can cause neutropenia

A

Leukaemia, chemotherapy
myelodysplastic syndrome

24
Q

name some things which can cause neutrophil dysfunction

A

lymphoma
corticosteroids

foundations of medicine 3 (6 decks)

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