MICROBIO FINALS REVIEWER Flashcards
- Bacterial skin infections can be classified as skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) or acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI).
Which of the following is an example of an SSTI?
Impetigo
- The skin provides a remarkably good barrier against bacterial infections, but some people are at particular risk of developing skin infections. Which of the following groups is at particular risk of developing skin infections?
People with diabetes
- Skin infections are caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Factors such as injuries, poor hygiene, humidity, and weak immune system increase risk of skin infection. Which of the following pathogens can cause skin infections?
d. All of above
- Which of the following skin infections affect deeper skin layers?
a. Cellulitis
- Which of the following is the most common micro-organism responsible for causing skin infections?
b. Staphylococcus aureus
- Which of the following can make you susceptible for a skin infection?
a. Burn injury
b. Poor hygiene
c. Skin disease
all of the above
- Which of the following is a skin infection caused by a poxvirus?
c. Molluscum contagiosum
- Which of the following drugs is commonly recommended as topical cream for skin infections?
b. Fusidic acid
- Which of the following symptoms indicate a possible skin infection?
a. Erythema/warmth
b. Pain/tenderness
c. Swelling
ALL OF THE ABOVE
- Which of the following is a common site for occurrence of folliculitis?
d. Scalp
For 11-22 Upper respiratory tract infection (URI) represents the most common acute illness evaluated in the outpatient setting. URIs range from the common cold — typically a mild, self-limited, catarrhal syndrome of the nasopharynx — to life-threatening illnesses such as epiglottitis. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has brought increased attention to URIs because coronaviruses are common causes of colds and other URIs.
- What is the most common invader of the nasopharynx?
d. Viruses
- __________ and ___________ make up more than 50% of colds.
d. Rhinovirus and coronavirus
- How is the common cold diagnosed?
a. Clinical presentation of symptoms
- _____________ is a common cause of sore throat and often infects the conjunctiva as well as the pharynx to cause pharyngoconjunctival fever.
b. Adenovirus
- Ulcers on the hard palate and tongue, seen in hand, foot, and mouth disease is due to ____________.
d. Coxsackie A virus
- _______________presenting with swollen tonsils covered in white exudate is caused by ____________.
c. Infectious mononucleosis, Epstein-Barr virus answer
- __________ is the largest human herpes virus with only one serotype.
b. Cytomegalovirus(CMV )
- CMV causes an infection when___________________.
*
b. Cell-mediated immunity is impaired answer
- Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) is structurally and morphologically ___________ to other herpes viruses but is ___________distinct
Identical, antigenically
- ____________ is the major antigen for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
c. Viral capsid antigen (VCA)
- EBV is transmitted by the exchange of_________________
a. Saliva
- ____________ is associated with EBV and is seen in African children
b. Burkitt’s lymphoma
- _____________ is the most common and most important bacteria responsible for pharyngitis?
b. Strep. Pyogenes (group A B-hemolytic)
- What virus is a single-stranded RNA paramyxovirus that is spread by air-borne droplets, salivary secretions, and possibly urine?
c. Mumps
- ________ is a potential complication of mumps affecting susceptible adults.
b. Orchitis
- A male client who is recovering from surgery has been advanced from a clear liquid diet to a full liquid diet. The client is looking forward to the diet change because he has been “bored” with the clear liquid diet. The nurse would offer which full liquid item to the client?
a. Custard
- Nurse Juvy is caring for a client with cirrhosis of the liver. To minimize the effects of the disorder, the nurse teaches the client about foods that are high in thiamine. The nurse determines that the client has the best understanding of the dietary measures to follow if the client states an intention to increase the intake of_____________
b. Pork
- Gastroenteritis is inflammation of the lining of the stomach and small and large intestines. Which of the following is the most common viral cause of gastroenteritis in the United States?
c. Norovirus
- Which of the following is the usual way in which rotavirus, the most common cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhea among young children worldwide, is spread?
c. Fecal-oral transmission
- Salmonella and Campylobacter, the most common bacterial causes of diarrhea in the United States, are most frequently acquired from which of the following?
b. Eating undercooked poultry
- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are most common in which age group?
a. Teens and young adults up to age 24
- The overall number of cases of STIs is_____________
a. Rising
. As long as a person has no symptoms of an STI, they________________
a. Cannot pass on an STI
b. Don’t have an STI
c. A and B
NONE OF THE ABOVE
- Which of these is a health problem that can be caused by STIs in women?
a. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
b. Ectopic pregnancy
c. Higher risk for cervical cancer
ALL OF THE ABOVE
- Which is the most common STI caused by bacteria?
b. Chlamydia
- One symptom of genital herpes is______________
a. Tingling or burning in the genital area
b. Painful blisters in the genital area
c. A and B
- Gonorrhea is treated with antibiotics. What problem has occurred recently in treatment?
c. The bacteria that cause gonorrhea have become resistant to certain antibiotics
- Which major organ can be affected by untreated syphilis?
*
D. a and b
heart and brain
- Which of these are other types of STIs?
a. Chancroid
b. Scabies
c. Molluscum contagiosum
ALL OF THE ABOVE
- The cytomegalovirus (CMV) can be spread by sexual contact and also by_________________
a. Kissing
b. Sharing an office with an infected person
c. Changing a child’s wet diapers
A AND C
- To lower your risk of getting an STI______________
a. Use a male condom
b. Don’t have multiple sex partners
c. As a young person, delay having sexual relations as long as possible
ALL OF THE ABOVE
- Infectious conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva (the membrane that lines the eyelid and covers the white of the eye) usually caused by viruses or bacteria. Which of the following may help distinguish between viral and bacterial conjunctivitis?
a. A lymph node in front of the ear may be swollen and painful in viral but usually not in bacterial conjunctivitis.
- Conjunctivitis is caused When____________
c. The Conjunctiva becomes Infected and Inflammed
- What is the Conjunctiva?
a. The membrane that Covers the Scelera
- Which of these is not a symptom of conjunctivitis?
d. Can not see far
- You shouldn’t share this if you have conjunctivitis.
a. Makeup
- You shouldn’t let others use your ________ if you have conjunctivitis
c. Towel
- The Three Types of Conjunctivitis are Bacterial, Viral and ____________.
c. Allergy
- A patient presents to the ED with a headache, fever, and a stiff neck. You preform a lumbar puncture because you suspect bacterial meningitis and the CSF culture comes back positive with the causative agent being a gram (+) bacteria. What do you suspect as the likely causative agent?
b. Streptococcus pneumoniae
- The rash begins as discrete macules (red spots) on the face that spread to the neck, trunk, and extremities. The macules may coalesce on the trunk. The exanthem lasts 1-3 days, first leaving the face and may be followed by desquamation. The hallmark is the generalized tender lymphadenopathy which involves all nodes, which is most prevalent at the time of appearance of the exanthem but may precede it by a week. The tenderness subsides rapidly but the enlargement may last days or weeks. This contagious viral infection is best known by its distinctive red rash____________________.
c. D.Rubella
