Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology 251 > Microbial Nutrition > Flashcards

Microbial Nutrition Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Photosynthesis occurs in the presence of what in eukaryotes?

A

Chlorophyll

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What happens to the chlorophyll in prokaryotes?

A

It dissolves in the cytoplasm called bacteriochlorophylls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the different type of plankton?

A

Phytoplankton (plant cells), Zooplankton (animal cells), Bacterioplankton (bacteria), Mycoplankton (fungi)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What other microorganisms does photosynthesis occur in?

A

Unicellular algae and photosynthetic bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Autotrophs

A

Produce their food and sustain themselves without eating other organisms. Autotrophs are the producers of the biosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Organisms rely on other organisms for nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Photoautotrophs

A

Organisms produce organic molecules from inorganic molecules using the energy of light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chemoautotrophs

A

Organism obtains nutrients and energy from simple inorganic compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a result of microbial metabolism?

A

ability to increase their number of cells to form a characteristic population of organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the requirements for successful growth of microorganisms?

A

Chemical requirements or microbial nutrition and physical requirements or growth conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the three classes of nutrients?

A

Macronutrients, Micronutrients, and trace elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Macronutrients

A

elements required in fairly large amounts (H2O, C, O, N, S, P, & H)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Micronutrients

A

Metals and organic compounds needed in a very small amount (K, Ca, Mg, Fe)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Trace elements

A

Elements required in trace amounts, necessary for cell functionality ( Mn, Zn, Co, Mo, Ni, Cu)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In macronutrients, what plays a principle role in cell structure?

A

Carbohydrates (C,H, O), Proteins (C,H,O,N), Fats/lipids (C, H)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the major component of amino acids, proteins, DNA, and RNA?

A

Nitrogen

17
Q

Bacteria that can obtain N directly from the atmosphere?

A

Nitrogen fixing bacteria

18
Q

What are two Nitrogen fixing bacterias?

A

Rhizobium and Azotobacter

19
Q

Utilization of O2 during metabolism yields toxic by-products called?

A

Reactive oxygen Species (ex. superoxide O2 negative, singlet oxygen (1O2) and peroxide (H2O2)

20
Q

Toxic O2 can be converted to harmless substances if the organism has what?

A

Catalase (or peroxidase) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)

21
Q

What does SOD and Catalase break down?

A

SOD breaks down O2 negative into H2O2 and O2. Catalase breaks down H2O2 into H2O and O2

22
Q

Facultative

A

Aerobic microorganism/ Live with or without oxygen but grows better with oxygen

23
Q

Microaerphiles

A

Aerobic/ Requires reduced level of oxygen

24
Q

Aerotolerant anaerobes

A

Anaerobic microorganism/ can tolerate oxygen but grow better without oxygen

25
Q

Capnophilic

A

Anaerobic/ requires carbon dioxide rich environment

26
Q

What are other macronutrients?

A

Phosphate, sulfur, potassium, magnesium, sodium, iron

27
Q

What element plays a major role in cellular respiration?

A

Iron

28
Q

Siderophores

A

Iron binding agents that cells produce to obtain iron from various insoluble minerals

29
Q

What are physical requirements/ growth conditions?

A

Temperature, pH, oxygen, osmotic pressure

30
Q

What are the three groups of bacteria based on temperature preference?

A

Psychrophilic (0-20 Celsius), Mesophilic (20-40 Celsius), Thermophilic ( Above 40)

31
Q

Optimum temperature

A

A temperature at which best growth occurs

32
Q

What happens at 5 Celsius?

A

Slows or stops growth of most microbes

33
Q

At what pH does most bacteria grow?

A

6.5-7.5

34
Q

Neutrophilic

A

Grows better in 7.0-7.2 pH

35
Q

Acidophilic

A

Prefers low pH (6.0 or below)

36
Q

What is the ideal pressure for microbial growth?

A

iso-osmotic pressure

37
Q

Halophilic organism

A

Survive in salty environment, marine microorganism

Microbiology 251 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions