Microbial Diversity And Evolution Flashcards
What is taxonomy?
Classification of organism via phenotypes- founded by Carl linnaeus
8 levels of taxonomy?
Domain kingdom phylum order class family genus species.
What is phylogeny?
Classification of organisms via their DNA sequences. Alot done by The 16s rRNA.
What RNA molecule is used for comparison in phylogeny?
16s rRNA
Why is 16srRNA used in phylogeny?
As it contains conserved and varaiable regions and is transferred horizontally very rarely.
What are bacteria?
Mostly unicellular organisms (exceptions fruiting bacteria and biofilms). Big difference is they have peptidoglycan in their cell walls
What is difference between gram positive and gram negative bacteria?
Dependent on levels of lipopolysaccharide. Low levels-gram negatvie
High levels-gram positive
Why were archea seperated from bacteria?
Due to their 16s rRNA gene sequence and the fact thry have no peptidoglycan in their cell walls
Where are archea most likely found?
they are found in extreme enviroments called extremophiles
Where can you find the archea Crenarcheota?
In hyperthermic places as hyperthermophillic
What is a protista?
Unicellular eukaryotes that inhabit water and soil while feeding on bacteria
What is a virus?
Obligate intracellular parasites- that cant replicate by themselves
Why cant viruses reproduce themselves?
No ribosome or machinery to produce proteins
What are the two vrial life cycles?
Lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle.
What is the lytic cycle?
Attachment, penetration, biosynthesis,maturation, release
