Microbes & Energy Flow-29

Question 1

Population

Answer 1

formed when Individual microbial cells of a species proliferate

Question 2

Communities

Answer 2

formed when Populations interact/communicate

Question 3

Microbial Ecology:

Answer 3

the study of the

interrelationships among microorganisms and their environment

Question 4

MICROBIOME

Answer 4

all microorganisms, and their genes, within a

particular environment

Question 5

Draw redox in bacteria

The basis for energy transfer in cells

Answer 5

H2S ox to S
NADP+ red to NADPH2
NADPH2 ox to NADP+
CO2 red to (CH2O)n

Question 6

NADP+

Answer 6

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Question 7

Energy from an oxidation is shuttled through an intermediate

Answer 7

(NADH/NADPH)

Question 8

Carbon source

• Auto
• Hetero

Answer 8

• Carbon Dioxide (Inorganic)

- Organic

Question 9

Energy Source

• Photo
• Chemo

Answer 9

• Light

- Chemical Compunds

Question 10

AUTOtrophs

Answer 10

= Primary Producers
= Fix CO2
Self sufficient, do not require carbon

Question 11

HETEROtrophs

Answer 11

= Decomposers
= Need fixed carbon, cannot use CO2 directly
Dependent on primary producers

Question 12

CHEMOtrophs energy

Answer 12

= use chemical energy from either
C compounds = organic (Glucose)
Non C compounds = inorganic (H2S)

Question 13

PHOTOtrophs energy

Answer 13

= use SOLAR energy

Question 14

Photoautotrophs

Answer 14

Plants, Algae, Cyanobacteria use H2O as an electron source to reduce CO2, produce O2 as by product.
Green and Purple sulfur bacteria use H2S as an electron source, Not make O2.

Question 15

Chemoautotrophs

Answer 15

Hydrogen, Sulfur, and Nitrifying bacteria, some archaea.

Question 16

Photoheterotrophs

Answer 16

Green and Purple nonsulfur bacteria, some archaea.

Question 17

Chemoheterotrophs

Answer 17

Aerobic respiration: most animals, Fungi, Protozoa, many bacteria.
Anaerobic respiration: Some animals, Protozoa, Bacteria, and Archaea.
Fermentation: some bacteria, yeasts, and Archaea.

Question 18

Non-cyclic photophosphorylation

Answer 18

Oxygenic Photosynthesis

Electrons flow from H2O –> PSII –> PSI –> NADP+
Generate O2, ATP and NADPH

Question 19

Cyclic photophosphorylation

Answer 19

Anoygenic Photosynthesis

Photosystem l (PSI) can work in absence of PSII
Generates ATP but no O2 (anoxygenic)

Question 20

Draw Light common resource

arrow down

Microbial mat in a marsh.
Layers of different coloured microbes

Answer 20

Cyanobacteria and algae Chlorophyll a (chloroplasts) = 500-550nm

Purple bacteria*= >800nm

Green bacteria*= 550-850nm

*Bacteriochlorophyll (membranes)

Question 21

Outline how microbes exploit different environments

Answer 21

Light = common resource
Avoid competition by tuning their antenna to different wavelength.
Photosynthetic pigments have complementary absorption spectra

Question 22

Metabolism: two linked but different processes

Answer 22

Energy (electrons)
Building blocks (carbon as example)

Question 23

Light profile dictates

Answer 23

photo vs chemotrophs

Question 24

Carbon fixation dictates-

Answer 24

auto vs heterotrophs

Question 25

Anoxygenic and oxygenic photosynthesis

Answer 25

(H2S)

H2O

Question 26

Redox reactions

Answer 26

control the flow of energy, and the breakdown / buildup of molecules
Linked to different microbes in different ecosystems