Microbes classification domain

Question 1

What are the domains in life?

Answer 1

Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya

Question 2

What are the types of eukarya?

Answer 2

Fungi
plants
animals
protists

Question 3

what are protists?

Answer 3

Any eukaryote that is not a fungus, plant, or animal so algae or protozoa

Difficult to classify like algae (producers) and protozoa (consumers)

It also includes single-celled and multicellular organisms
–> Like seaweed, they aren’t plants as they do not have any tissue and the cells are the same

Question 4

What is algae and examples?

Answer 4

Photosynthetic protist
- They are single celled
Examples of algae
-Diatoms (brown algae)
- Volvox

Question 5

what are protozoas and examples?

Answer 5

Non-photosynthetic protist
- This is why it is a consumer since it cant make its own stuff as it is non-photosynthetic

Examples:
- Didinium
- Paramecium

They are also pathogenic
- Glardia
- Plasmodium (malaria)
- Cryptosporidium
- Trichomonas
- Toxoplasma

Question 6

How are bacteria and archaea different?

Answer 6

Distantly related
Different temperature tolerance
Metabolic pathways

3 structural differences
1. Nucleic acid structure
2. Cell wall structure
3. Membrane structure

Question 7

What are fungi and what are the three types?

Answer 7

Decomposers
- They secrete enzymes into the environment to digest outside its body and then absorbs the nutrients

3 types
1. Predatory
- Attacks and kills organism, then feeds on them

2. Saprophytic
   - Feed on dead organisms (decomposition)
   - Mushroom, mildew, mold
3. Parasitic
   - Feed on living organisms
   - Some parasitic to humans, they are pathogenic (they cause disease

Question 8

what are some examples of parasitic fungi?

Answer 8

Ringworm
Athlete’s foot
Vaginal yeast infections
- Candida

Lung infections:
- Valley fever
–> It was caused by coccidioides
–> It has two forms:

Multicellular: (filamentous) fungus in the soil

Unicellular: fungus (yeast) in the lungs

Question 9

what are some examples of how fungi are helpful to humans?

Answer 9

They can make food
–> Bread (yeast)
–> Cheese
–> Mushrooms, morels, truffles
–> Medicine
—–> (penicillin, first antibiotic)
–> Alcohol (sake, beer, wine)

Question 10

how are prokaryotes and eukaryotes different?

Answer 10

Prokaryotes
- Circular DNA
- Unicellular
- Free floating
- No gene regulation
- single chromosome
- undergo binary fusion not mitosis
- they couple transcription with translation
- smaller
- no membrane bound organelles
- no introns

Eukaryotes
- Linear DNA
- Multicellular and unicellular
- Membrane bound
- multiple chromosomes
- introns
- membrane bound organelles

Question 11

what are they 3 types of ways that microbes live?

Answer 11

1. Free-living
2. in communities (biofilm)
3. endosymbionts

Question 12

where can you find them?

Answer 12

In the ocean
Earth core
Soil and plants
Air
Glaciers hot springs
In and on our bodies
In the atmosphere
Basically everywhere