Microbes And Health

Question 1

Pathogens attach themselves to their hosts by means of ….

Answer 1

Adhesins or ligands

Question 2

Causative agents of diseases include

Answer 2

Bacteria, virus, fungi, protozoa, Helminthes, prions

Question 3

….. are pathogenic organisms that are transmittable and cause misfolding of normal cellular proteins

Answer 3

Prions

Question 4

Parasitic worms found in the intestines and blood vessels are callled

Answer 4

Helminthes

Question 5

The ability of abpayhigen to overcome a hosts defenses to cause disease is called

Answer 5

Virulence or pathogenicity

Question 6

The tendency of organism of a pathogen to spread quickly and aggressively is called

Answer 6

Invasiveness

Question 7

The ability to invoke different immune responses in a host is called pathogen

Answer 7

Antigenic variation

Question 8

The amount of organism that must be present in cells to cause disease is called

Answer 8

Infectious dose

Question 9

Examples of bacterial diseases include

Answer 9

Strep throat, tuberculosis, pneumonia and meningitis

Question 10

Spirilae are……, Vibrios are…., Bacilli are……, Spirochaetes are……

Answer 10

Spiral,curved,rod-shaped, comma-shaped

Question 11

Thrush, ringworm and athletes foot are…. Diseases

Answer 11

Fungal

Question 12

…… Treatments may cause liver damage

Answer 12

Antifungal

Question 13

……are plantlike orgs that feed on dead organic matter

Answer 13

Fungi

Question 14

Unicellular orgs found in decayed material and contaminated water are

Answer 14

Protozoans

Question 15

Amoebic dysentery, malaria and trichomonas are caused by

Answer 15

Protozoa

Question 16

Parasites living in the cells of other orgs are. ..

Answer 16

Rickettsiae

Question 17

Rickesttsiae diseases include

Answer 17

Typhus, rocky mountain spotted fever

Question 18

Virus only reproduce in …

Answer 18

Other living cells

Question 19

Examples of viral diseases are…..

Answer 19

Common cold, warts, polio, flu , hepatitis

Question 20

Diseases acquired in a health facility is termed

Answer 20

Nosocomial

Question 21

Diseases originating outside the body are

Answer 21

Exogenous

Question 22

Diseases originating from the body are

Answer 22

Endogenous

Question 23

Diseases which thrive due to weak immune system are

Answer 23

Opportunistic

Question 24

Elements in the chain of infection are

Answer 24

Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host

Question 25

Infectious agent are..... Causing diseases

Answer 25

Pathogen

Question 26

Objects contaminated with pathogens e.g bed pans linens are....

Answer 26

Fomites

Question 27

A place where a pathogen can live or survive but may or may not multiply is

Answer 27

Reservoir

Question 28

Means by which microorganism leave the reservoir in which it has been living to another reservoir or a new host is called

Answer 28

Portal of exit

Question 29

P. O. Exit include

Answer 29

Urine, blood, faeces, GI tract, saliva, skin, resp tract

Question 30

Link by which pathogen spread to a new host is called | Give examples

Answer 30

Mode of transmission | Air droplet, common vehicle, contaminated hands, direct contact

Question 31

Way to enter a new host is

Answer 31

Portal of entry e.g | Damaged skin, GI tract, GU tract, resp tract

Question 32

Non living reservoirs include

Answer 32

Soil and water

Question 33

Diseases occuring primarily in animals but could be transmitted t humans are

Answer 33

Zoonotic

Question 34

Diseases that gain entrance by resp tract include

Answer 34

Flu, small pox, measles, pneumonia, common cold

Question 35

Disease that gain entrance by GU tract include

Answer 35

Trichomonas, hepatitis B, herpes,

Question 36

Diseases that gain entrance by gastrointestinal tract include

Answer 36

Hep A, typhoid, cholera, polio

Question 37

The most common means of infection transmission in health facilities is by

Answer 37

Droplets

Question 38

Airborne diseases involve

Answer 38

Nuclei droplet, dust and squames transmission

Question 39

Body defences against diseases imclude

Answer 39

HCL, tears, cilia in GI tract, immune response

Question 40

The phenomena in which a critical concentration of immune hosts prevent disease spread is called

Answer 40

Herd immunity

Question 41

Infectious dose of salmonellosis is

Answer 41

1 million orgs