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GES 107 > Microbes And Health > Flashcards

Microbes And Health Flashcards

1
Q

Pathogens attach themselves to their hosts by means of ….

A

Adhesins or ligands

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2
Q

Causative agents of diseases include

A

Bacteria, virus, fungi, protozoa, Helminthes, prions

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3
Q

….. are pathogenic organisms that are transmittable and cause misfolding of normal cellular proteins

A

Prions

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4
Q

Parasitic worms found in the intestines and blood vessels are callled

A

Helminthes

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5
Q

The ability of abpayhigen to overcome a hosts defenses to cause disease is called

A

Virulence or pathogenicity

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6
Q

The tendency of organism of a pathogen to spread quickly and aggressively is called

A

Invasiveness

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7
Q

The ability to invoke different immune responses in a host is called pathogen

A

Antigenic variation

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8
Q

The amount of organism that must be present in cells to cause disease is called

A

Infectious dose

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9
Q

Examples of bacterial diseases include

A

Strep throat, tuberculosis, pneumonia and meningitis

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10
Q

Spirilae are……, Vibrios are…., Bacilli are……, Spirochaetes are……

A

Spiral,curved,rod-shaped, comma-shaped

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11
Q

Thrush, ringworm and athletes foot are…. Diseases

A

Fungal

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12
Q

…… Treatments may cause liver damage

A

Antifungal

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13
Q

……are plantlike orgs that feed on dead organic matter

A

Fungi

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14
Q

Unicellular orgs found in decayed material and contaminated water are

A

Protozoans

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15
Q

Amoebic dysentery, malaria and trichomonas are caused by

A

Protozoa

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16
Q

Parasites living in the cells of other orgs are. ..

A

Rickettsiae

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17
Q

Rickesttsiae diseases include

A

Typhus, rocky mountain spotted fever

18
Q

Virus only reproduce in …

A

Other living cells

19
Q

Examples of viral diseases are…..

A

Common cold, warts, polio, flu , hepatitis

20
Q

Diseases acquired in a health facility is termed

A

Nosocomial

21
Q

Diseases originating outside the body are

A

Exogenous

22
Q

Diseases originating from the body are

A

Endogenous

23
Q

Diseases which thrive due to weak immune system are

A

Opportunistic

24
Q

Elements in the chain of infection are

A

Infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host

25
Q

Infectious agent are….. Causing diseases

A

Pathogen

26
Q

Objects contaminated with pathogens e.g bed pans linens are….

A

Fomites

27
Q

A place where a pathogen can live or survive but may or may not multiply is

A

Reservoir

28
Q

Means by which microorganism leave the reservoir in which it has been living to another reservoir or a new host is called

A

Portal of exit

29
Q

P. O. Exit include

A

Urine, blood, faeces, GI tract, saliva, skin, resp tract

30
Q

Link by which pathogen spread to a new host is called

Give examples

A

Mode of transmission

Air droplet, common vehicle, contaminated hands, direct contact

31
Q

Way to enter a new host is

A

Portal of entry e.g

Damaged skin, GI tract, GU tract, resp tract

32
Q

Non living reservoirs include

A

Soil and water

33
Q

Diseases occuring primarily in animals but could be transmitted t humans are

A

Zoonotic

34
Q

Diseases that gain entrance by resp tract include

A

Flu, small pox, measles, pneumonia, common cold

35
Q

Disease that gain entrance by GU tract include

A

Trichomonas, hepatitis B, herpes,

36
Q

Diseases that gain entrance by gastrointestinal tract include

A

Hep A, typhoid, cholera, polio

37
Q

The most common means of infection transmission in health facilities is by

A

Droplets

38
Q

Airborne diseases involve

A

Nuclei droplet, dust and squames transmission

39
Q

Body defences against diseases imclude

A

HCL, tears, cilia in GI tract, immune response

40
Q

The phenomena in which a critical concentration of immune hosts prevent disease spread is called

A

Herd immunity

41
Q

Infectious dose of salmonellosis is

A

1 million orgs

GES 107 (7 decks)

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