Microbes Flashcards
The most comm organism to cause STD’s and what other bacteria is usually ass. with?
-C.Trachomatis and usually **co-infection with Gonorrhea. **
Chlamydia mechanism and chacteristic about it?
-GRAM- obligated intracellular (dosent make own ATP), poor muramic acid (peptidoglycan layer)–>NO staining in GRAM stain.
-Exist in 2 forms: Elementary (gets endocytosed by cells)–>transforms into Reticulate body–>metabolic active (Fission)–>Lyse cells and further infects.
Types of serotypes of Chlamydia??
-Ass infections in males and females?
1.A-C: Thracoma=Conjuctivitis
2.
2.D-K=Chlamydia–>
Male: urethritis,prostatitis,epidimytis and PROCTATIS (MSM–>gay)
Female: urethritis, vulvovaginitis, cervicitis—>PID
3.L1-L3: Lymphograuloma venerum.
Complication relating Chlamydia and Ghonorrhea??
PID
Classify warts and ulcers in STD’s??
Warts–>HPV 6 and 11
Ulcers–> A)Painfull: HSV2 and H.Ducreyi
B)Painless: Syphylis and Klebsiella (Donovanosis=Granuloma Inguinalis)
Diagnosis
Inflamed INGUINAL lymph-nodes that are painful + ulcers that are NOT painfull
-How do we describe lesions?
LymphoGranulosum Venerum
-lesion decsribed as buboes
-L1-L3 Chlamydia
Sympts of conditions
-Male urethritis
Female urethritis
Female cervicitis
Female salpingitis
Conjuctivitis
Prostatitis
Pyelonephritis
Cystitis
-Dysuria + NO fever and no back pain
-Mucopurulent discharge,Dysuria,Pruritis, NO fever
-Easy bleeding (post-coidal)
-RUQ pain tenderness,Violing adhesion
-Mucopurulent discharge
Fever,dysuria,back pain, urgency
-Fever,No dysuria,pyuria,Costovertebral angle tenderness.
-NO fever,dusyria,urgency,NO back pain
What the diffrence between non-specific treponema antibodies and specific ??
-Use
-What molecules do they involve
-Why are they usefull
-Diagnosis syphylis
-Non-specific detects cardiolepin (molecule rel in cellular damage)–>once treatment is initiated it will go away.
Specific identifies antibodies against bacteria–>LIFE LONG.
-Non-specific good for prognosis of treatment
Wha are the names of this test?
Non-specific
Specific
-VDRL and RPR–> non-specific
-FTA-ABS and MHA-TP (TPA)–>done after a positive non-specific and life long positive result.Confirm syphylis.
Specific presentation in diffrent stages of syphylis?
1–>chancre (hard based with raised borders with central exudate that has spirochetes_
2–> non-itchy maculopapular rash + const sympt. + condylomata lata ( warts in moist area)
Latent (3-30yrs)
3*–> Neurosyphylis (Tabes Dorsalis/ Argyl-Robertson Pupil/ Genral Paresis) Cardiacsyphylis (aortitis–>incr risk of aneurysm), Gumma (granulomas)
What diagnostict method do we use in syphhlis stages?
-Specific–> every stage
1–> Fluoroscent and dark microscopy
2 and 3–>non specific first and then confirm with specific
3–>CSF analysis
Gonorrhea 3 important facts about bacteria?
-NO polyssacharide capsule
-NO Maltose Fermentation
-Antigenic variation (pilli gene mutation–>dosen’t allow for Immune response to work and NO vaccione)
-GRAM- diplococci, obligated intracellular.
Complications of N.Gonorrhea infections?
-Neonatal conjuctivitis (2-3 days after infection).PID and Septic arthritis (inflamed knee joint–>aspiration reveals >50k WBC)
What infect are associated with Gonorrhea?
-Urethritis, conjuctivitis,pharyngitis, cervicitis
-Pre-pubertal females–> vulvovaginitis (sign of abuse usually)
-With purulent discharge
What do you give in Conjuctivitis assoaciating Gonorrhea and to prevent what?
Topical Erythromycin to prevent blindness.
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction?
-After iniating treat towars syphylis or lyme dis.–>massive antigen rel.–>flu-like sympt.
If you see a genital wort that is painless you thing of….
What do you see in micgroscopy??
HPV 6 and 11
-Koilocytes (peri-nuclear halo)
-Wart is described as coli-flower looking.
H.Ducreyi charact.?
Grows?
Transmission?
Presentation?
-GRAM- coccobacilli that is encapsulated
-Grows on Chocalate Agar (app school of fish)
-Transm via skin breaks (Hemolysin
- Papules–>Pustules -rupture–>Canchre
- Presentation is lymp node enlargement that are painful + painfull ulcers
How does a Herpis Genitalis presents?
-What smear do you use and what do you see?
-Latency where?
-Pianful vesicle or ulcers in genital region
**Most comm cause of genital ulcers. ** with fevers and myalgias.
-get into skin cell–>painfull ulcer that are itchy with lymphadenopathy and travels to neurons and remains latent–>SACRAL GANGLIA
-Tzank smear (piece of the vesicle)–>you see multi-nucleated cells.
Why latency of Herpe virus family is import?
-How will reativation present.
-Recurrent activation–> presenting sympt. keep occuring.
-Trigger: stress, sunlight, fatigue, Immunosuppression.Prodorme phase of itching and burning sensation.
Vaginal pH along the yr??
-Starts as pH >7 –>estrogen is rels.–> promotes squamoys glycogen deposists–>favor growth of Lactobacilli (secrtes Hydrogen Peroxidase) Ex: E.coli and Strep Group B.–>protect vagina during reproductive age,where pH<4—->post menopausal incr pH again.
Trichonomas Vaginitis??
-Diagnosis
-Vagina pH
-Treat
-Causes Vaginal infect with foul smelling yellow-grenn discharge
-Motile trichonomads on microscopy
-pH>4.5 (favors the growth)
-Metronidazole
What the diffrence between Candida vaginitis + Bacterial Vaginosis vs Thrichomonas vaginitis?
The firts 2 are ass with decr lactobacilli in vagina (alter flora, NOT sexually transmited) and the other is ass with sexual transmission.
Risk factors for developing altered vaginal flora(3)?
-Multiple sex partners, Antibiotic treatment, Intra-uterine devices.
Bacterial vaginosis?
-Diagnosis
-Vagina pH
-Treat
-Thin greyish fish smell discharge.
NO inflamation
-Diag: pH>4.5 (loss lactobacilli), +KOH Whiff test (fishy odor enhanced), Clue cells
-Gardnerella vaginalis
-Metronidazole or clindamycin
Candida vaginitis?
-Diagnosis
-Vagina pH
-Treat
-Thick cotton cheese discharge with NO smell
-RF:immunosupression (glucoccorticoids), diabetus,antibiotics, incr estrogen.
-Vaginal pH is normal and pseudohyphae
–Azoles
Condylomata Acuminata?
-HPV 6 and 11
Bacterial Vaginitis
Chlamydia
GONORHEA
Straberry cervixitis and vaginitis?
-T.Vaginalis.
What sexually transmitted infection may present with conjunctivitis, urethritis, cervicitis, epididymitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and reactive arthritis?
Chlamydia
What sexually transmitted infection may present with urethritis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, creamy purulent discharge, prostatitis, epididymitis, or arthritis?
Gonorhea.
What sexually transmitted infection presents with exudative,** painful genital ulcers and inguinal lymphadenopathy**?
H.Ducreyi
gram-variable pleomorphic rod, is the causative agent of bacterial vaginosis.
G.Vaginalis
What 2 organism dont cause ulcers?
-Chlamydia and Gonorrhea
Diagnosis
Cerical motion tenderness + Dyspareunia
Fever+RUQ pain+vaginal discharge
-PID
Common triad of Recative arthritis
Ass with what?
Uretritis,Conjuctivitis and Arthritis
HLA-B27->No IgG deposits.
-Reiter syndrome
What causes False positive in Lupus non-specific test?
-Pregnancy
Viral (EBV,Hepatits)
Drugs (Procanamide)
Rheumatic Fever
Lupus/Leprosy
