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ENDO/REPRO > Microbes > Flashcards

Microbes Flashcards

1
Q

The most comm organism to cause STD’s and what other bacteria is usually ass. with?

A

-C.Trachomatis and usually **co-infection with Gonorrhea. **

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2
Q

Chlamydia mechanism and chacteristic about it?

A

-GRAM- obligated intracellular (dosent make own ATP), poor muramic acid (peptidoglycan layer)–>NO staining in GRAM stain.

-Exist in 2 forms: Elementary (gets endocytosed by cells)–>transforms into Reticulate body–>metabolic active (Fission)–>Lyse cells and further infects.

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3
Q

Types of serotypes of Chlamydia??
-Ass infections in males and females?

A

1.A-C: Thracoma=Conjuctivitis
2.
2.D-K=Chlamydia–>
Male: urethritis,prostatitis,epidimytis and PROCTATIS (MSM–>gay)
Female: urethritis, vulvovaginitis, cervicitis—>PID

3.L1-L3: Lymphograuloma venerum.

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4
Q

Complication relating Chlamydia and Ghonorrhea??

A

PID

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5
Q

Classify warts and ulcers in STD’s??

A

Warts–>HPV 6 and 11

Ulcers–> A)Painfull: HSV2 and H.Ducreyi
B)Painless: Syphylis and Klebsiella (Donovanosis=Granuloma Inguinalis)

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6
Q

Diagnosis

Inflamed INGUINAL lymph-nodes that are painful + ulcers that are NOT painfull
-How do we describe lesions?

A

LymphoGranulosum Venerum
-lesion decsribed as buboes
-L1-L3 Chlamydia

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7
Q

Sympts of conditions

-Male urethritis
Female urethritis
Female cervicitis
Female salpingitis
Conjuctivitis
Prostatitis
Pyelonephritis
Cystitis

A

-Dysuria + NO fever and no back pain
-Mucopurulent discharge,Dysuria,Pruritis, NO fever
-Easy bleeding (post-coidal)
-RUQ pain tenderness,Violing adhesion
-Mucopurulent discharge
Fever,dysuria,back pain, urgency
-Fever,No dysuria,pyuria,Costovertebral angle tenderness.
-NO fever,dusyria,urgency,NO back pain

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8
Q

What the diffrence between non-specific treponema antibodies and specific ??
-Use
-What molecules do they involve
-Why are they usefull

A

-Diagnosis syphylis
-Non-specific detects cardiolepin (molecule rel in cellular damage)–>once treatment is initiated it will go away.
Specific identifies antibodies against bacteria–>LIFE LONG.
-Non-specific good for prognosis of treatment

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9
Q

Wha are the names of this test?

Non-specific
Specific

A

-VDRL and RPR–> non-specific
-FTA-ABS and MHA-TP (TPA)–>done after a positive non-specific and life long positive result.Confirm syphylis.

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10
Q

Specific presentation in diffrent stages of syphylis?

A

1–>chancre (hard based with raised borders with central exudate that has spirochetes_
2–> non-itchy maculopapular rash + const sympt. + condylomata lata ( warts in moist area)
Latent (3-30yrs)
3*–> Neurosyphylis (Tabes Dorsalis/ Argyl-Robertson Pupil/ Genral Paresis) Cardiacsyphylis (aortitis–>incr risk of aneurysm), Gumma (granulomas)

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11
Q

What diagnostict method do we use in syphhlis stages?

A

-Specific–> every stage
1–> Fluoroscent and dark microscopy
2 and 3–>non specific first and then confirm with specific
3–>CSF analysis

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12
Q

Gonorrhea 3 important facts about bacteria?

A

-NO polyssacharide capsule
-NO Maltose Fermentation
-Antigenic variation (pilli gene mutation–>dosen’t allow for Immune response to work and NO vaccione)

-GRAM- diplococci, obligated intracellular.

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13
Q

Complications of N.Gonorrhea infections?

A

-Neonatal conjuctivitis (2-3 days after infection).PID and Septic arthritis (inflamed knee joint–>aspiration reveals >50k WBC)

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14
Q

What infect are associated with Gonorrhea?

A

-Urethritis, conjuctivitis,pharyngitis, cervicitis
-Pre-pubertal females–> vulvovaginitis (sign of abuse usually)
-With purulent discharge

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15
Q

What do you give in Conjuctivitis assoaciating Gonorrhea and to prevent what?

A

Topical Erythromycin to prevent blindness.

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16
Q

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction?

A

-After iniating treat towars syphylis or lyme dis.–>massive antigen rel.–>flu-like sympt.

17
Q

If you see a genital wort that is painless you thing of….
What do you see in micgroscopy??

A

HPV 6 and 11
-Koilocytes (peri-nuclear halo)
-Wart is described as coli-flower looking.

18
Q

H.Ducreyi charact.?
Grows?
Transmission?
Presentation?

A

-GRAM- coccobacilli that is encapsulated
-Grows on Chocalate Agar (app school of fish)
-Transm via skin breaks (Hemolysin
- Papules–>Pustules -rupture–>Canchre
- Presentation is lymp node enlargement that are painful + painfull ulcers

19
Q

How does a Herpis Genitalis presents?
-What smear do you use and what do you see?
-Latency where?

A

-Pianful vesicle or ulcers in genital region
**Most comm cause of genital ulcers. ** with fevers and myalgias.

-get into skin cell–>painfull ulcer that are itchy with lymphadenopathy and travels to neurons and remains latent–>SACRAL GANGLIA

-Tzank smear (piece of the vesicle)–>you see multi-nucleated cells.

20
Q

Why latency of Herpe virus family is import?
-How will reativation present.

A

-Recurrent activation–> presenting sympt. keep occuring.
-Trigger: stress, sunlight, fatigue, Immunosuppression.Prodorme phase of itching and burning sensation.

21
Q

Vaginal pH along the yr??

A

-Starts as pH >7 –>estrogen is rels.–> promotes squamoys glycogen deposists–>favor growth of Lactobacilli (secrtes Hydrogen Peroxidase) Ex: E.coli and Strep Group B.–>protect vagina during reproductive age,where pH<4—->post menopausal incr pH again.

22
Q

Trichonomas Vaginitis??
-Diagnosis
-Vagina pH
-Treat

A

-Causes Vaginal infect with foul smelling yellow-grenn discharge
-Motile trichonomads on microscopy
-pH>4.5 (favors the growth)
-Metronidazole

23
Q

What the diffrence between Candida vaginitis + Bacterial Vaginosis vs Thrichomonas vaginitis?

A

The firts 2 are ass with decr lactobacilli in vagina (alter flora, NOT sexually transmited) and the other is ass with sexual transmission.

24
Q

Risk factors for developing altered vaginal flora(3)?

A

-Multiple sex partners, Antibiotic treatment, Intra-uterine devices.

25
Q

Bacterial vaginosis?
-Diagnosis
-Vagina pH
-Treat

A

-Thin greyish fish smell discharge.
NO inflamation
-Diag: pH>4.5 (loss lactobacilli), +KOH Whiff test (fishy odor enhanced), Clue cells
-Gardnerella vaginalis
-Metronidazole or clindamycin

26
Q

Candida vaginitis?
-Diagnosis
-Vagina pH
-Treat

A

-Thick cotton cheese discharge with NO smell

-RF:immunosupression (glucoccorticoids), diabetus,antibiotics, incr estrogen.
-Vaginal pH is normal and pseudohyphae
–Azoles

27
Q

Condylomata Acuminata?

A

-HPV 6 and 11

28
Q
A

Bacterial Vaginitis

29
Q
A

Chlamydia

30
Q
A

GONORHEA

31
Q

Straberry cervixitis and vaginitis?

A

-T.Vaginalis.

32
Q

What sexually transmitted infection may present with conjunctivitis, urethritis, cervicitis, epididymitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and reactive arthritis?

A

Chlamydia

33
Q

What sexually transmitted infection may present with urethritis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, creamy purulent discharge, prostatitis, epididymitis, or arthritis?

A

Gonorhea.

34
Q

What sexually transmitted infection presents with exudative,** painful genital ulcers and inguinal lymphadenopathy**?

A

H.Ducreyi

35
Q

gram-variable pleomorphic rod, is the causative agent of bacterial vaginosis.

A

G.Vaginalis

36
Q

What 2 organism dont cause ulcers?

A

-Chlamydia and Gonorrhea

37
Q

Diagnosis

Cerical motion tenderness + Dyspareunia
Fever+RUQ pain+vaginal discharge

A

-PID

38
Q

Common triad of Recative arthritis
Ass with what?

A

Uretritis,Conjuctivitis and Arthritis
HLA-B27->No IgG deposits.
-Reiter syndrome

39
Q

What causes False positive in Lupus non-specific test?

A

-Pregnancy
Viral (EBV,Hepatits)
Drugs (Procanamide)
Rheumatic Fever
Lupus/Leprosy

ENDO/REPRO (10 decks)

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