Microbe Flashcards
E. COLI characteristics
GRAM - Bacilli, Lactose Fermentator (Beta-Galactose), Encapsulated, motile (explains Asc UTI’S), UREASE -
Where E.coli Grows
-Eosin Methylene Blue agar (black colonies)
-MaConkey
What bacteria Grows in Eosin methylene Blue agar
E.coli
E.Coli virulence Factors ass. (3)
**Fimbria **(cystitis and Pyelonephritis)
K capsule (meningitis and pneumonia)
LPS Endotoxin (septic shock)
Thrombocytopenia, Hemolytic anemia, Azotemia ass with Hamburger eating 1 day ago. .
STEC (Shiga Like Toxin producing E.coli). = Entero-Hemorargic E.coli (EHEC)
Schistocytes….
Why female get UTI more common
Shorter urethra+ closer to anal canal.
STECT (E.coli) special characteristic
DOSENT fermented SORBITOL
0157:H7
EHEC ,ass HUS E.coli
How do you differentiated between Staph Saprophyticus and Epidermais
Saprophytycus is NovoBiocin resistant (or negative sensative).
Travelers diahrrhea ass with?
-Entero-Toxigenic E.Coli
-Heat labile and Heat stable Enterotoxin–>inflamation of intestine–>**Watery diarrhea. **
Entero-Pathogenic E.Coli (EPEC)
-<2yr old, NO toxin produced-->causes Intestinal epi flattening by going intracellular and damaging cytoskeleton–>DECR absorption water and nutrients–>watery diarrhea.
Uropathogenic E.Coli (UPEC) virulence factors
-P Fimbriae-->helps in ascending throught kidney
-Type 1 Pilli–>helps in attachement on epitheleal cells.
-alpha and Beta Hemolysin–>lysis of cells in urinary tract.
What serotype ?
Dysuria,Incr urinary frequence and flank pain//On culture you see GRMA- bacilli with motile and is encapsulated.
Uropathogenic-E.Coli (UPEC)
Describe
-Image on right shows sensitivity towards novobiocin (Stap. Aureus and Epidermadis)
-Image on left has resistance.
-This test used to differentiate between staphyloccocus organisms.
-GRAM+ in clusters,coagulase -, Novobiocin resistant,urease +
-Ass sexually active female in her 20’s…
-Staph Saprophyticus.
Common risk factor for all microbes that are UREASE+.
-Urease + converts urea–>ammonia + CO2—>INCR pH (alkalanization)–>promotes formation of struvite stones (made up off ammonia+phosphate+magnesium)
Klebsiella,Staph. saprophyticus, Proteus mirabilis have in common?
-All are urease +.
-Priamary cause of UTI in females?
-Secondary
-E.COLI
-Staph saprophyticus.
Lactose fermentador and NOT urease +
E.coli
DIAGNOSIS and caharacteristics
-Proteus Mirabilis (Ripple=SWARMING)
-GRAM- Bacilli,urease+,aggresivly motile,POLYMORPHIC Hydrogen sulfate** NON-LACTOSE FERMENTADOR**–>differentiate between E.Coli.
-Ass with old people Hospitalized with catheter placement.
What microbes are polymorphic?
Proteus mirabilis and H.Influenza.
DIAGNOSIS
-Exposure to catheter forms “swarm cells” (100-1k flagella–>aggressive motile)–>moves along catheter until reaches epi.–>use Fimbriea to attach–>rel. Hemolysin.
Proteus Mirabilis
Triple Sugar Iron Test used for what?
-Used for diagnosis of Proteus mirabilis–>has Hydrogen Sulfate.
Fishy odor?
-Proteus Mirabilis.
Grape-like-odor?
Pseudomonas Aerginosa
Where do you see?
-Urease+ microbes.
-Staghorn stones.
Enterococcous species.
Dianosis
Diapper rash with satellite cells
-Candida Albicans
Diagnosis
Trematones (Schistisoma Hematobium)
-Transmited via water in infected snails.
-Penetrates skin.
Identify
Right:Staghorn stone
Left:stuvite stone
-Both ass with urease+ organism.
Ecthyma Gangrenosum ass…
Pseudomonas Aruginosa
-Rapidly progrresive necrotic cutaneous lesion.
-GRAM-Bacilli,non-lactose fermentador, oxidase+
Mucoid colonizes that are blue-green.
-Psuedomonas Aeruginosa
-GRAM- Bacilli non lactose fermentador ass with Pneumonia in patients with Cystic Fibrosis.
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
-Mucopolysacharide capsule.
P.Aeruginosa Virulenece Factors
-Phospholipase C (lysis membranes)
-Endotoxin (septic shock)
-Exotoxin A (EF2 inhibitor)
P.Aeruginosa related diseases.
-Sepsis,otitis externa, pneumonia, UTI (catheter patients),ecthyma gangrenosum,IV drugs users
What can we assume if you get hospital acquiered Pseudomonas Aeruginosa?
-Multi-drug resistant.
-GRAM+ cocci in chains, Gamma Hemolytic, 6.5% NaCl solutin grows and PYR +
Enterococcous species (fecalis)
Patient had a appendectomy last week and today presents with UTI.
-Most likely bacteria?
Enterrococus species.
3 Infections associated with Enterococcous species
-UTI, Infective Endocarditis, Biliarytract infections.
Candida Albicans charactristics and related immunosupressive states (4)?
-Dimorphic Fungi, psuedohyphae+ yeast 20C*
-Opportunistic infections (Diabetus,Inhaled corticosteroids, AIDS, chemotherapy,Children).
Candida 3 mayor infections
-Vulvovaginitis, Diapper rash and Pseudomembranous candidiasis ( witish cheese apperance)
Presentation of vulvovaginitis..
-Dysuria, Purulent discharge, Itching.
Diagnsosis
-Candida Albicans
What increases risk for Disseminated Candidiasis?
Neutropenia
Aspergillosis
-Ass with Farmers (grain farmers),remodeling hosuses->Aspergilloma in TB,incr risk for Hepatocellular carcinoma, Invasive disease,Bronchioctasis.
-Acute angles and secrete conidia.
-People at risk are neutropenic
Risk factor for candida UTI
Catheter placement–>biofilm production
Describe Helminths…
-Worms that are multi-cellular.
-Nematodes,Tematones, Cestones.
Cercaria
-Infective form of type of tematone (schistosoma hematobium)
Schistosoma Hematobium related with secretion form where?
-Snails–>secretes cercaria–>penetrate human skin–>forms egg–>promote I.S to respond in a chronic manner.
-Dysuria,Hematuria, incr risk of squamous cell carcinoma of Badder,hepatosplenomegaly,granuloma formation.
What 2 cytokines are important to know for Schistosoma Hematobium and why?
IL4 and IL13–> intense granuloma and fibrosis formation.
Praziquantel??
Used for tematones infect
-Incr Ca++ permeability.
Most comm honeymoon cystitis
-What test will contraindicate E.coli?
E.Coli>Staph saprophyticus
-Nitrate - will be staph. saprophyticus
What antibiotics do you give in Hospital acquired Enterrococus UTI?
-Why?
-Vancomycin+Aminoglycosides-->due to being very resistant (comm antibiotics will not work).
-Enteroccocus species are the most resistant in streptoccocus.
Klebsiella Pneumonie descriptons
-V.F
-GRAM - Rod, polysacharide capsule, urease +, non motile, mucoid colonizes, lactose fermentador, grows in MacConkeys agar
-capsule, Pilli, LPS, saderophores (need Iron )
What does Maconckey Agar tells you and what does it have?
-If bacteria is lactose fermentador
-Has lactose + pH sensative.
-Lobar Pneumonia ass with alcohol overuse –>aspiration–>lung abscess and patient with diabetus mellitus.
-Also causes UTI with struviate stones.
Klebsiella
Organism that are urease +
P (Proteus)
Cryptoccocus
H.Pylori
Ureaplasma
Nocardia
Klebsiella
Staph Saprophyticus
Staph epidermis
