micro-universe of the cell

Question 1

the cell theory

Answer 1

all living organisms are made up of one or more cells
cells are the basic unit of life
all cells are made up of pre-existing cells
in a multicellular organism, the total activity depends on
each individual cell within it

Question 2

biogenesis

Answer 2

life coming from life

Question 3

abiogenesis

Answer 3

life can develop from lifeless matter

Question 4

resolution/resolving matter

Answer 4

the ability to distinguish between 2 objects that are close together

Question 5

prokaryotic cell

Answer 5

small, simple, unicellular
no nucleus or membrane bound organelles
can have small ring of DNA called plasmid
move using flagella or cilia

Question 6

eukaryotic cell

Answer 6

complex cells that contain membrane bound organelles and a nucleus

Question 7

nucleus

Answer 7

command centre of the cell
contains DNA blueprints for making proteins
double membrane to protect DNA

Question 8

nuclear pores

Answer 8

pores in nuclear that allow macromolecules to enter and ribosomes to leave

Question 9

chromatin

Answer 9

uncoiled chromosomes

Question 10

nucleolus

Answer 10

specialized area of chromatin inside nucleus responsible for producing ribosomes

Question 11

mitochondria

Answer 11

site of cellular respiration where energy is produced

contain cristae

Question 12

rough ER

Answer 12

system of flattened membrane bound sacs and tubes attached to nucleus which has ribosomes

Question 13

smooth ER

Answer 13

system of flattened membrane bound sacs and tubes attached to nucleus which synthesizes phospholipids and packages macromolecules in vesicles for transport to other parts of the cell

Question 14

ribosomes

Answer 14

synthesizes proteins

Question 15

cell membrane

Answer 15

structure that separates the cell interior from the outside world and controls the movement of materials in and out

Question 16

cytoskeleton

Answer 16

network of interconnected fibres that maintain cell shape and allow for the movement of cell parts

Question 17

centrisome

Answer 17

pair of centrioles near nucleus, organizes cells microtubules and the organizes the distribution of cell components when cells divide

Question 18

cytoplasm

Answer 18

gel made of water, dissolved nutrients and waste that provides a fluidic environment for organelles to carry out chemical reactions, allows for transport of molecules and maintains cell structure/volume

Question 19

cell wall

Answer 19

wall made of cellulose that surrounds the cell to provide rigidity and protection
(plants only)

Question 20

chloroplast

Answer 20

plastid that gives green plants their colour and stores energy from sun in form of carbohydrates during photosynthesis