Micro-organisms

Question 1

list the five main groups of micro-organisms.

Answer 1

Protozoa
algae
bacteria
fungi
viruses

Question 2

what is an eukaryotic organism that obtains its nutrition using extracellular digestion.

Answer 2

Fungus(plural fungi)

Question 3

what is a type of fungi used for brewing and baking?

Answer 3

Yeast

Question 4

what are the unicellular organisms that lack a cell wall.

Answer 4

Protozoa

Question 5

give three examples of protozoa

Answer 5

Amoeba
Plasmodium
Paramecium

Question 6

the only unicellular fungi are the _______

Answer 6

YEASTS. These include brewer’s yeart and baker’s yeast(saccharomyces) as well as the yeast-like organism that causes thrush in humans(Candida)

Question 7

define mycelium

Answer 7

it is the collection of very fine strands that makes up a fungus.

Question 8

true or false. The cytoplasm of hyphae contains many nuclei

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

some fungi live on on dead organisms as __________

Answer 9

saprobionts

Question 10

what is the name of an alga that has two flagella at one end to propel it through the water.

Answer 10

Chlamydomonas

Question 11

list some characteristics of virses

Answer 11

The cannnot independently carry out any of the process of living things
They are al parasites
The basic virus does not have a nucleus and a cytoplasm

Question 12

in which cells does the DNA of the bacterium forms a continuous loo that is intermingled with the cytoplasm

Answer 12

Prokaryotic cells

Question 13

true or false. All bacteris have a capsule

Answer 13

FALSE

Question 14

true or false. All bacteria have a capsule

Answer 14

FALSE

Question 15

List the structures that is present in all bacteria

Answer 15

cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes and DNA

Question 16

Bacterial cells are usually
between and µm long

Answer 16

1&10

Question 17

true or false. photosynthesis
and respiration are carried out differently in bacterial cells.

Answer 17

True, since they do not have membrane bound organelles.

Question 18

what are the three main shapes of bacteria?

Answer 18

cocci (singular, coccus) – spherical bacteria
* bacilli (singular, bacillus) – rod-shaped bacteria
* spirochaetes – spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria

Question 19

what are the classification of bacteria according to the gram stain?

Answer 19

• Gram-positive – these bacteria are stained purple by Gram’s
  stain
• Gram-negative – these bacteria are stained pink by Gram’s stain

Question 20

___________ a test
that uses staining to classify
organisms or organic material

Answer 20

differential stain