Micro-organisms

Question 1

Name 6 structures and functions of viruses

Answer 1

Are not considered alive.
Only have 1 characteristic of life (reproduction)

Acellular
No cell contents such as cytoplasm or organelles

Contain nucleic acid
Carries genetic instructions to infect a host cell and replicate itself. Contains either DNA(animals) or RNA (plants)

Nucleic Acid is surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid
Protects the Virus from its environment

May also be surrounded by an envelope
Assists in intracellular processes from the host and the virus

Are Obligate Intracellular Parasites
Compulsory, inside a cell, lives of a host

Question 2

How do viruses replicate

Answer 2

1.inject DNA into host cell
2. DNA takes over host cell and uses it to replicate itself
3. New capsid starts enclosing DNA and making more viruses
4. Host explodes, making more viruses and finally killing the host

Question 3

What is a prokaryote

Answer 3

Does not have a true nucleus nor nucleus membrane fr genetic material
Unicellular

Question 4

What is a eukaryote

Answer 4

Has a true nucleus
Multicellular

Question 5

Name 4 structures and functions of bacteria

Answer 5

Prokaryotic
Genetic material found in irregular loop called nucleoid

Unicellular

Surrounded by slime capsule
Prevents drying

Whip like flagellum
Aids movement in liquid

Question 6

What are the different types of bacteria and their shapes

Answer 6

Coccus
Round

Bacillus
Rod- shaped

Spirillum
Spiral shaped

Vibrio
Comma- shaped

Question 7

6 structure and functions of protists

Answer 7

Very diverse group
Does not fit into plants, animals or fungi

Semi-permeable membrane
Used in osmosis as protists prefer moist environments

Pseudopodia (false feet)
Used to move and trap food

Animals like
Heterotrophic, can move

Plant like
Autotrophic, can photosynthesis

Fungi like
Heterotrophic, have cell walls

Question 8

What is the process of nutrition for protists called and explain

Answer 8

Phagocytosis

1.food particles are engulfed by pseudopodia
2. Food particles become a vacuole
3. Food vacuole fuses with lysosomes which contain digestive enzymes
4. Food vacuole is digested

Question 9

What is an example of a virus

Answer 9

E-coli

Question 10

What is an example of a protists

Answer 10

Amoeba

Question 11

What is an example fungi

Answer 11

Bread mold