Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BRS - BS/Micro/Genetics/Biochem/Cell Bio > micro - bacteria > Flashcards

micro - bacteria Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

induces TNF and IL-1

A

lipiteichoic acid in cell wall, Lipid A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

has cell wall

A

Gm +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

has outer membrane

A

Gm -

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

mediates adherance to structures

A

glycocalyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

has lipoteichic acid

A

Gm +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

has endotoxin/LPS

A

gm -

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

thick peptidoglycan

A

gm +

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

gm + coccus

A

staph, streo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

gm - coccus

A

neiserra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

gm + rod

A 
clostridium
cornyebacterium
baccillus
listeria
mycobacteria (acid fast)
gardinella (gm variable)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

gm - rod

A

enterics, respiratory, zoonotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

branching filamentous

A

actinomyces

nocardia (weakly acid-fast)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

pleomorphic

A

rickettsiae

chlamydiae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

spiral

A

leptospira
borrelia
treponema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

no cell wall

A

mycoplasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

wall contains sterols

A

mycoplasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

wall contains high lipid content

A

mycobacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

bugs that don’t gram stain well

A 
treponema
rickettsia
mycobacteria
mycoplasma
legionella
chlamydia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

stains for chlymidia, borrelia, rickettsia, trypansomes, plasmodium

A

giemsa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

PAS stains for

A

tropheryma whipplei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

zeihl-neesen stains

A

acid-fast bugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

india ink stains

A

cyrptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

silver stain stains

A

fungi, legonella, heliobacter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

grows H flu

A

chocolate agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

growsNeiseria

A

thayer-martin/VPN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

grows pertuussis

A

bordet-gengou

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

grows diptheria

A

tellurite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

grows TB

A

lowenstein-jensen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

grows M pneumonia

A

eaton’s agar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

grows lactose fermenting enterics

A

pink colonies on macConkey’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

grown E coli

A

green metallic on EMB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

grows fungi

A

Sanoraroud

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

obligate aerobes

A

nocardia, p aeuroginoa, TB, bacillus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

aerobe found in burn wounds

A

P aerugnosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

oblugate anerobes

A

clostridium, bacteroides, actinomyces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

obligate intracellular bugs

A

chlamydia, rickettsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

faculative intracellular bugs

A 
salmonella
neiserria
brucella
mycobacterium
listeria
francisella
legionella
yersina pestis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

encapsulated bacteria

A 
strep pnemonia
hemophilus flu B
neiseria meningitidis
E coli
salmonella
klabsiella pneumoniae
group B strep
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

catalase +

A 
pseudomonas
listeria
aspergilllus
candida
staph A
serratia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

polysaccaride vax with no conjugated protein

A

pneumovax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

conjugated vax

A

H flu B

meningococcal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

urease +

A 
cryptococcus
H pylori
proteus
ureaplasma
nocardia
klebsiella
staph epidermis
S saprophyticus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

binds Fc region of Ig, preents opsonization and phagocytosis

A

protein A (staph a)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

cleaves IgA

A

IgA protease (s pnemonia, H flu, neisseria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

prevents phagocytosis - expressed by group A strep

A

M protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

diseases of exotoxins

A

tetanus, botulism, diptheria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

diseases of endotoxins

A

meningococcemia, gram - sepsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

location of genes for exotoxins

A

plasmid/bacteriophage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

location of genes for endotoxins

A

bacterial chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

more toxic: endo/exotoxin

A

exotoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

more heat stable endo/exotoxin

A

endotoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

causes fever and shock

A

endotoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

contaiend in cell membrne of most gm -

A

endotoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

MOA of diptheria toxin/Exotoxin A (pseudomonas aeruginosa)

A

initates Elongation factor (EF-2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

MOA of shiga (shigella) /shiga-like toxin (EHEC)

A

inactivates 60S ribosome by removng adenine from rRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

MOA of heat-labile (ETEC) roxin

A

overactives adenalyte cyclase –> cAMP –> Cl-secretion in gut and water efflux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

MOA of heat-stable (ETEC) toxin

A

overactivates cGMP –> lowers salt/water reabsorption in gut

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

MOA of edema factor (anthrax)

A

mimics the adenylate cyclase enzyme –> increasing cAMP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

MOA of cholera toxin

A

permanatly increases cAMP –> increases Cl secretion in gut and water efflux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

MOA of pertussis toxin

A

increases cAMP, impairs phagicytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

MOA of tetanus/botulism toxin

A

Cleaves SNARE protein required for NT release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

pharyngitis with psedomembranes and “bull neck lymphadenopathy”

A

diptheria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

dysentrary and HUS

A

shigella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

HUS w/o dystentary

A

EHEC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

watery diareeha

A

ETEC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

black eschar in skin,

A

anthrax (cutaneous)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

rice-water diarrhea

A

cholera

68
Q

whooping cough

A

pertussis

69
Q

tetanus toxin effect

A

prevents release of inhibitory NT (GABA/Glycine)- results in spastic paralysis

70
Q

botulism toxin effect

A

prevents release of stimulatory NT (ACh) - results in flaccid paralysis

71
Q

clostridium perfringens toxin MOA

A

alpha toxin that degrades tissue and cell membranes

72
Q

streptolysin O (S pyogenes) toxin

A

protein that degrades cell membranes

73
Q

B-hemolysis

A

s pyogenes

74
Q

Toxic shock syndrome toxin/exotoxin A MOA

A

bring MHC-II and TCR in close proximity to outside of antigen binding site to cause overwhelming release of IFN-g and IL-2. leading to shock

75
Q

causes scalded skin syndrome

A

staph A exfoliative toxin

76
Q

causes Staph A food poisoning

A

enterotoxin

77
Q

IL-1 release via endotoxin causes

A

fever

78
Q

TNF release via endotoxin causes

A

fever and hypotension

79
Q

NO release via endotoxin causes

A

hypotension

80
Q

C3a release via endotoxin causes

A

hyptension and edema

81
Q

C5 release via endotoxin causes

A

neutrophil chemotxis

82
Q

tissue factor release via endotoxin causes

A

DIC

83
Q

phase of bacterial growth effected by beta-lactams

A

log phase

84
Q

ability to take up naked DNA from environment

A

transformation

85
Q

contains genes for sex pilis and conjugation

A

F+

86
Q

transposition

A

DNA segment that jumps from one location to the other, and can transfer genes from plasmid to chromosome and vice versa

87
Q

bacterial genetic change mediated by phages

A

transduction

88
Q

toxin genes located in lysogenic phage

A 
Shiga-like
Botox
Cholera
Diptheria
Erythogenic toxin of Strep pyogenes
89
Q

found in unpasturized milk and causes menegitis in newborns

A

listeria

90
Q

Staph A causes

A

skin infections, organ abcesses, pneumonia, acute bacterial endocarditis, osteomyelitls

91
Q

infects prostetic devices and catheters

A

S epidermis

92
Q

most common cause of meningitis, otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitus

A

s pneumoniae

93
Q

cause dental caries and subacute bacterial endocarditis

A

viridans group strep

94
Q

group A strep pyogenes cause

A

pharyngitis, cellulitis, imetigo, scarlet fever, necrolizing faciatis, rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis

95
Q

strep skin infection can lead to

A

glomerulonephritis

96
Q

strep throat can cause

A

rheumatic fever

97
Q

passed from mom to infant at birth. causes pneumonia, meningitis and sepis

A

Strep B

98
Q

can cause baeterima and subacute endocarditis in colon cancer pts

A

strep bovis (D)

99
Q

C difficle toxin that causes pseduomembrane

A

toxin B

100
Q

causes gangrene

A

C perfrinigens

101
Q

treatment for C diff

A

metronidazole or oral vancomycin

102
Q

antibiotics that can being on C diff

A

clindamycin or ampicillin

103
Q

bacterium with polypeptide capsule

A

B anthrax

104
Q

form “actin rockets” to move from cell to cell and “tumbling” motilty

A

listeria

105
Q

can cause spontantous abortion in pregnant women

A

listeria

106
Q

long branching non acid fast filaments that cause oral/facial abcesses - yellow sulfer granules

A

actinomyces

107
Q

long branching acid fast filaments causeing pulmonary infection in immunocompenent

A

nocardia

108
Q

secondary TB usually found in

A

upper lobes

109
Q

vax for TB

A

BCG

110
Q

bad type of leprosy

A

lepromatous (TH2 response)

111
Q

better type of leprosy

A

tuberculoid (Th1 response)

112
Q

drugs for leprosy

A

dapsone and rifampin (clofazimine for lepramatuous)

113
Q

grows pink colonies on macConkey’s

A

lactose fermenting enteric (klebsiella, E coli, enterobacter)

114
Q

gram neg fermenting maltose and glucose

A

meningococci

115
Q

treatment for gonococci

A

ceftriaxone + arithromycin/doxycycline for possible chlamidia

116
Q

causes meningitis with possible water-house-fridrichseon syndrome

A

meningococci

117
Q

prophylaxis for close contact with meningococci pts

A

rifampin, cipro, ceftriaxone

118
Q

treatment for meningococci

A

ceftriaxone or pencillin G

119
Q

caused by hemophilus influenza

A

epiglottitis, meningitis, otitis media, pneumonia

120
Q

treatment for hemophilus influenza

A

ceftriaxone

121
Q

mild form of legonairres

A

pontiac fever

122
Q

stain for legionella

A

silver stain

123
Q

detection of legionella

A

antigen in urine

124
Q

how legionella is contracted

A

infected water (not person to person)

125
Q

pseudomonas casues

A

infection in burn victims, pneumonia (in CF pts), external otitis, UTI

126
Q

treatment for legonella

A

macrolide or quinolone

127
Q

treatment for pseudomonas

A

aminoglycoside + exentended spectrum penicillin

128
Q

e colis that cause dysentary

A

EIEC, EHEC

129
Q

e coli that causes kidney hemolysis

A

EHEC

130
Q

red current jelly sputum

A

klebsiella

131
Q

casued by klebsiella

A

aspriation pneumonia in diabetics and alchoholics, abcesses in lungs and liver, nosocomial UTIs

132
Q

rose spots on abdomen, fever, headache, and diarrhea

A

salmonella typhi

133
Q

resivoir of salmonella typhi in carrier

A

gallbladder

134
Q

bloody diarrhea from old meat and unpasterized milk

A

campylobacter

135
Q

campylobacter can lead to

A

GB

136
Q

dx test for h pylori

A

urease breath test

137
Q

treatment for lyme disease

A

doxy, ceftriaxone

138
Q

natural resivoir of lyme disease

A

mice

139
Q

stages of lyme

A

1 - bulls eye rash, flu-like sx
2 - facial nerve palsy, cardiac issue
3 - chronic arthritus, encephalothy, polyneuropathy

140
Q

stages of syphillis

A

1 - local painless chancre
2 - constitutional sx, maculopapular rash,
3 - gummas, ataxia, aortitis, pupil does not react to light

141
Q

dx of syphillis

A

1 - VDRL in chacre sample
2 - darkfield microscopy
3 - VDRL of spinal fluid

142
Q

sx of congential syphillis

A

saber shins, saddle nose, CN VIII deafness, mulberry molars

143
Q

jarisich-herxheimer reaction

A

flu-like sx right after antibiotics started

144
Q

bartonella spp causes

A

cat scratch

145
Q

borrelia burgdorph causes

A

lyme (from ixodes ticks)

146
Q

borrelia recurrents causes

A

recurrent fever (from louse)

147
Q

brucella causes

A

brucllosis (from cows)

148
Q

campylobacter transmitted by

A

puppy poop, undercooked meat, fecal oral

149
Q

coxiella burnetii causes

A

Q fever (cattle/sheep amniotic fluid)

150
Q

ehricia chaffeenis causes

A

erlichoisis (lone star tick)

151
Q

pasteurella causes

A

cellulitis, osteomylitis (fickrom cat/dog bite)

152
Q

rickettsia prowazekii causes

A

epidemic typhus (louse)

153
Q

rickettsia rickettsia causes

A

rocky mountain spotted fever (dermacentor tick)

154
Q

rickettsia typhi causes endemic typhus

A

flea

155
Q

resivoir of plauge

A

rats and prairie dogs

156
Q

fishy vagina with clue cells

A

gardenerallas

157
Q

treatment for gardneralla

A

metronidazole

158
Q

rash starts centrally and spreads out

A

epidemic typhus

159
Q

rash starts at wrist and ankles and speads to trunk

A

RMSF

160
Q

treatment for all rickettsial diseases

A

doxycycline

161
Q

lab dx of chlymidia

A

cytoplasmic inclusions seen on giesma or flurecent stained antibody smear

162
Q

infectious form of chlymidia

A

elementary body

163
Q

treatment for chlamydia

A

arithromycin or doxy

164
Q

causes river blindness

A

chlamydia trachomatis A,B or C

165
Q

casues “walking pnemonia” in young pts and prisons

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

166
Q

treatment for mycoplasma pneumoniae -

A

macrolide ot fluroquinolone

BRS - BS/Micro/Genetics/Biochem/Cell Bio (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions