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Clin Medicine > Micro > Flashcards

Micro Flashcards

1
Q

Pneumonia

A

Fatigue, cough, fever

Productive or not`

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2
Q

Crackles

A

Pneumonia

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3
Q

What do present with pneumonia

A

CXR

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4
Q

Treat atypical

A

Macrolides..azithromycin and clarithromycin

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5
Q

Treat ambulatory

A

Macrolides….doxycycline if cant tolerate

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6
Q

Increased risk of drug resistance

A

Fluoroquinolones or macrolide and beta lactam

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7
Q

Treat hospitalized

A

Fluoroquinolones

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8
Q

Treat ICU

A

Fluoroquinolone and lactam

Add piperacillin or a PE EM for pseudomonas coverage

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9
Q

Mycoplasma pneumonia and chlamydia pneumoniae atypical

A

Follow URI

Except chlamydia have hoarse voice

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10
Q

Legionella pneum atypical

A

More severe

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11
Q

Age of walking pneumona

A

Younger

Follow UIR\RI

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12
Q

Procalcitonin

A

Precursor that becomes elevated in proinflammatory stimuli, espicially those bacterial in origin

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13
Q

Curb

A 
Confusion 1
BUN>20 1
RR>30 1
BP<90/60 1
Over 65 1

01-outpatient
2-short inpatient or supervise
3-5 ICU

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14
Q

Legionella

A

Water loving aerobic flagellate gram negative bacillus

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15
Q

Treat legionella

A

Levofloxacin

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16
Q

Fast fermented OH KEE

A

Klebsiella, E. coli, enterobacter

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17
Q

Slow fermenters

A

Citrobacter serratia

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18
Q

Who gets pneumococcal van

A

Over 65
Asplenic
2-64 with risk factors

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19
Q

Contraindications to pneumococcal vax

A

Allergic anaphylaxis

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20
Q

Fever inflamed turbinates

A

Adenovirus

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21
Q

Rales and altered mental status, coughing fit right hear border obscured coughing at dinner last night

A

Aspiration pneumonia…anaerobic more indolent clindamycin amoxicillin.

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22
Q

S aureus

A

Follows the flu! Bad can just die…

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23
Q

Burkholderia

A

G1 bacillus, cat positive, non lactose fermenter. BC agar. CF. On hospital equipment and irrigation systems. Hard to treat

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24
Q

Leptospirosis

A

Spirochete. High fever…HA, aspetic meningitis, severe myalgia. Hepatitis with jaundice renal failure with nephritis, subconjunctical hemorrhage. Rodents cattle, horse, goats,

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25
Q

Chlamydia psittacosis

A

Obligate intracellular gram neg, no cell wall
Birds
Epistaxis and splenomegaly…need good history

26
Q

Procalcitonin elevated in what

A

Bacteria

27
Q

Smokers

A

Moraxella, HI

28
Q

After influenza

A

S aureus

29
Q

Francisella tularensis

A

Hunters, rabbit exposure

Gram negative aerobic abrupt onset of nonspecific
Fever chills

Ulceroglandulas dr-most common. Single lesion at a tick bite site with a central Escher with assx. Adenopathy. Pulmonary tularemia-pleural effusions pacification patterns

Eat rabbit not cooked inhale..drink

30
Q

Salmon sputum

A

S aureus

31
Q

VAP

A

ET intubation with 2 of fever, leukocytosis or pursuant sputum

New or progressive opacity on CXR

32
Q

HA

A

Hospital over 48 hours

33
Q

HCAP

A

Hospitalized for at least 2 days within 90 days or in last 30 daysL nursing home, dialysis or family member with MDR

34
Q

Treat hospital

A

Vancomycin, CMC CMP,

35
Q

MTB

A

Weakly g+, nonmotile, aerobic

36
Q

Primary TB

A

Aerosol droplets, low fever, hilar lymphadenopathy->can get pleural effusions
Lobes-middle and lower, healing=calcification

Healing fibrosis causes latency

37
Q

What if no healing

A

Primary progressive TB

38
Q

Military T

A

Spread wide and far

39
Q

Secondary T

A

Deactivation

Most common

Fever chilled, cough, weight loss night sweats
Apical posterior , pulmonary cavitation

40
Q

What do when present with secondary T

A

CXR< PPD< morning sputum

41
Q

Over 5 mm

A

HIV, close contact with active infection
CXR with fibrotic changes consistent with TB
Immunosuppression (TNF a inhibitors)

42
Q

10

A

Silicosis, DM, chronic renal failure… under 4

43
Q

14

A

Healthy over 4

44
Q

What is in PPD

A

Purified protein of MTB

45
Q

BCG vaccine

A

M Boris

False positive TST test

46
Q

PPD

A

Type IV related

47
Q

Auramine rhodamine

A

Sensitive initial

48
Q

Ziehl neelsen stain

A

Specific

49
Q

India ink

A

Capsule

50
Q

What do with patient

A

Negative pressure ventilation

51
Q

How treat latent

A

9 months INH

52
Q

Normal treat

A

6 months with monthly sputum samples

53
Q

T thoracentesis

A

Positive adenosine deaminase and IFN gamma

54
Q

TB spondylitis

A

Potts

55
Q

AIDS weak fever cough

A

MTB

AFV-acid fast bacillus, aerobic slow growing, facultative intracellular, caseating granulomas, cord factor, sulfatides, siderphores

56
Q

Scrofula

A

Lymphadentis most common extra pulm

57
Q

Mycobacterium Kanasii

A

No person person like Tb

Older with underlying lung disease or smokers
Men
Midwest, south west,

Similar to TB ,

Older smokers-cavitary lesions apex

Women with chronic cough bronchiectasis in mid lune

50% die if untreated

18 months on 4 drugs

58
Q

Invasive aspergillosis

A

Hemorrhagic infarction

Necrotizing bronchopneumonia

59
Q

Aspergillus TB

A

Live in cavity! With hemoptysis

60
Q

Picornavirus

A

Rhinovirus
+SsRNA rhiniovirus
Nonenveloped

Destroyed by stomach acid

61
Q

Coronavirus

A

As+RNA

Helical enveloped
Common cold SARS

MERS and SARS and zoonotic

62
Q

Stain BT

A

Carbofuscin red

Clin Medicine (28 decks)

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