MI Flashcards

1
Q

What are the differences between STEMI and NSTEMI?

A

STEMI:

  • ruptured coronary plaque with occlusive thrombus
  • ECG is diagnostic

NSTEMI:

  • ruptured coronary plaque with subocclusive thrombus
  • ECG is non-diagnostic
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2
Q

What are the different classifications of AMI?

A
Type 1: spontaneous AMI
Type 2: ischaemia imbalance 
Type 3: cardiac death 
Type 4a: related to PCI
Type 4b: caused by stent thrombosis 
Type 5: related to CABG
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3
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of AMI?

A
  1. Ischaemic myocardial injury:
    - chest pain
    - 4th heart sounds
    - low grade fever
    - leukocytosis and raised inflammatory markers
    - troponin leak
  2. Autonomic disturbance
    - tachycardia
    - sweating
    - vomiting
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4
Q

What is used in reperfusion therapy for STEMI?

A
  • Aspirin + ticagrelor
  • Heparin
  • PPCI
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5
Q

What is used in emergency treatment for NSTEMI?

A
  1. Aspirin and ticagrelor
  2. ± GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor
  3. Fondaparinux (factor Xa inhibitor)
  4. Anti-ischaemic drugs (BB, nitrates)
  5. Angiography ± PCI within 24-96 hrs
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6
Q

Give examples of life-saving strategies in AMI.

A
  1. Prevent pre-hospital death from 1° VF
    - get the patient to a defibrillator ASAP
  2. Prevent hospital death from heart failure
    - initiate reperfusion therapy ASAP
  3. Prevent late deaths from
    a. Recurrent ischaemic events
    - 2° prevention therapy
    b. Lethal arrhythmias
    - implantable defibrillator
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