MI Flashcards
1
Q
What are the differences between STEMI and NSTEMI?
A
STEMI:
- ruptured coronary plaque with occlusive thrombus
- ECG is diagnostic
NSTEMI:
- ruptured coronary plaque with subocclusive thrombus
- ECG is non-diagnostic
2
Q
What are the different classifications of AMI?
A
Type 1: spontaneous AMI Type 2: ischaemia imbalance Type 3: cardiac death Type 4a: related to PCI Type 4b: caused by stent thrombosis Type 5: related to CABG
3
Q
What are the clinical manifestations of AMI?
A
- Ischaemic myocardial injury:
- chest pain
- 4th heart sounds
- low grade fever
- leukocytosis and raised inflammatory markers
- troponin leak - Autonomic disturbance
- tachycardia
- sweating
- vomiting
4
Q
What is used in reperfusion therapy for STEMI?
A
- Aspirin + ticagrelor
- Heparin
- PPCI
5
Q
What is used in emergency treatment for NSTEMI?
A
- Aspirin and ticagrelor
- ± GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor
- Fondaparinux (factor Xa inhibitor)
- Anti-ischaemic drugs (BB, nitrates)
- Angiography ± PCI within 24-96 hrs
6
Q
Give examples of life-saving strategies in AMI.
A
- Prevent pre-hospital death from 1° VF
- get the patient to a defibrillator ASAP - Prevent hospital death from heart failure
- initiate reperfusion therapy ASAP - Prevent late deaths from
a. Recurrent ischaemic events
- 2° prevention therapy
b. Lethal arrhythmias
- implantable defibrillator