MHC Flashcards
HLA-B27
Ankylosing spondylitis
HLA-A29
Birdshot retinopathy
HLA-DR3, HLA-DR5, HLA-DR7
Celiac Disease
HLA-DR3
Graves’ Disease
HLA-DR2
Narcolepsy & Multiple Schlerosis
HLA-DR4
Rheumatoid Arthritis
HLA-DQ8, HLA-DQ2, HLA-DR3, HLA-DR4
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Non Classical Class 1
HLA-E, HLA-F, HLA-G
Non Classical Class II
HLA-DM, HLA-DN, HLA-DO
Major antigen source of Endocytic Pathway
Extracellular & Membrane Proteins (host & foreign)
Processing Machinery for Endocytic Pathway
Lysosomal Enzymes
Cell Types where active
Professional APCs
MHC Binding site of antigen in Endocytic Pathway
Endocytic vesicles, prelysosomes
in Antigen pathway, the Endocytic Pathway is utilized in:
Class II
(Antigen Pathway) Endocytic Pathway is presents to:
CD4+ (helper) T Cells
Peptide Binding Site of Class I
a1 & a2
MHC CLASS I MOLECULES:
HLA-A, HLA-B,HLA-C
CLASS II MOLECULES:
HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, HLA-DP
Peptide Binding Site of Class II
a1 & b1
How many amino acids are needed in Class I?
8-10 amino acids
It is similar to the constants regions found in the immunoglobulin molecules.
a3 & B2 region
It reacts with CD8+ on cytotoxic T cells.
a3
Where do we found the Class II on antigen-presenting cells?
B cells, Macrophages, Monocytes,dendritic cells
molecular weight of alpha chain in Class II?
33kD
Molecular weight of bets chain in Class II
27kD
alleles in HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C?
HLA-A= 580 alleles
HLA-B= 921 alleles
HLA-C= 312 alleles
It contacts sequences in the B2 domain
CD4+
How many amino acid does Class II peptide needs?
9-20 amino acids
Rabbit serum Incubation
RT: 60 mins
battery of antisera known HLA Specificity
RT: 30 mins
HLA Phenotyping
Serological techniques
HLA Genotyping
Molecular Methods
3 Histocompatibility testing
- Tissue testing
- Antibody Screening
- Tissue Matching/crossmatching
Anticoagulated whole blood is overlaid to:
-Ficoll-Hypaque reagent
-then centrifuge
Characterized antibodies within WBCs
Dausset
Use of T Lymphocytes
Class I (HLA-A, -B, -C)
It use B lymphocytes
Class II (HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, HLA-DP)
3 B Lymphocytes separation:
- Nylon Wool separation
- Use of immunomagnetic beads
- Fluorescent labeling ( Use of FITC)
FITC means:
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate
B cells adhere, physically remove
Nylon wool separation
It bounds to certain Antibody
Use of immunomagnetic beads
It binds to immunoglobulin
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate/ fluorescent labeling
Women with several pregnancy
Multiparous Women
Exposed to several HLA
px who received multiple transfusions (Platelets&WBCs)
what Dye is used in Complement-dependent lymphocytotoxicity
Trypan Blue dye (eosin Y)
True/False:
Probability that any two individuals will express the same MHC molecule is very high.
False (very low)
Interpretation of 0-10% Dead Lymphocyte
Negative
Score & Interpretation of 11-20% dead Lymphocyte
2, Doubtful positive
It has a score 4 and Weak positive interpretation
21-50%
What is the score and % dead lymphocyte of the Positive interpretation?
6, 51-80%
What is the interpretation of 81-100% Dead Lymphocytes?
Strong positive
What PCR Based Technique is: PCR- amplification of a chosen sequence using primers flanking the sequence; The amplified DNA is immobilized in membrane
Sequence Specific Oligonucleotides
Oligonucleotide primer are designed to obtain amplification of specific alleles of group or alleles
Sequence-Specific Primers
The Sequence-Specific Primers are detected by:
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis & Transillumination
2 Methods of Sequence Based Typing
-Sanger-based DNA sequencing
-Next generation DNA sequencing
4 types of Grafts
- Autograft
- Syngraft
- Allograft (Homograft)
- Xenograft (Heterograft)
What are the Tissues used in Transplantation?
-Kidney
-Heart
-Cornea
-Lung
-Skin
-Bone Marrow
2 types of Graft-versus-Host Disease
-Acute GVHD
-Chronic GVHD
