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abo part 1 > MF ANATOMY > Flashcards

MF ANATOMY Flashcards

1
Q

What bones make up the inferior wall of the orbit?

A

-Maxilla
-Zygomatic
-Palatine

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2
Q

Which bones form the floor of the nasal cavity?

A
  • Horizontal bone of palatine
  • Palatine process of maxilla
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3
Q

Which bone contributes the most to sutural growth of the orbit?

A

Lacrimal
(Bone resorption for complex sutural adjustment of orbit during growth)

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4
Q

Which nerve innervates the posterior belly of the digastric?

A

Facial nerve

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5
Q

Where do the digastric muscles insert?

A
  • Posterior: mastoid process
  • Inserts on hyoid bone as tendon
  • Anterior: mandible
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6
Q

Which muscles of mastication are agonists/antagonists?

A
  • Agonists: Masseter, Temporalis, Medial Pterygoid
  • Antagonist: Lateral Pterygoid (opens jaw)
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7
Q

Where does the trigeminal nerve stem from?

A

Pons

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8
Q

What structure releases hormone that marks the start of puberty?

A

Hypothalamus

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9
Q

What structures pass through the optic canal?

A
  • Optic nerve (CN2)
  • Ophthalmic arteries
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10
Q

What structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?

A
  • CN 3, 4, 5(1), 6
  • Ophthalmic vein
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11
Q

Which structure passes through foramen rotundum?

A
  • CN 5(2) - Maxillary nerve
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12
Q

Which structure passes through foramen ovale?

A

CN 5(3) - Mandibular nerve

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13
Q

Which structure passes through foramen spinosum?

A
  • Middle meningeal artery/vein
  • Meningeal branch of CN 5(3)
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14
Q

Which structures pass through foramen lacerum? What bones form it?

A
  • Artery and nerve of pterygoid canal (CN7)
  • A: Sphenoid, P: Occipital, L: Temporal
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15
Q

Which structures pass through the internal acoustic meatus?

A

CN7, 8

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16
Q

Which structures pass through the jugular foramen?

A

CN 9,10, 11

17
Q

Which structure passes through the hypoglossal canal?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

18
Q

Which glands are responsible for salivary flow? (%)

A
  • Submandibular 65-70% (most common for stones)
  • Parotid 20% (Stenson’s duct)
  • Minor and sublingual 5%
19
Q

Is there gender variability in the amount of saliva produced?

A

Yes, males produce more.

20
Q

What is responsible for saliva’s antiviral functions?

A

IgA

21
Q

What are the paranasal sinuses and where do they drain?

A
  • Maxillary, frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid (4)
  • Maxillary, frontal, and anterior/middle ethmoidal sinuses drain to the middle meatus
  • Posterior ethmoidal sinus drains to the superior meatus
  • Sphenoid sinus drains to the sphenoethmoidal recess
  • The nasolacrimal duct drains to the inferior meatus
22
Q

In which muscle is Botox placed?

A

Levator labii superioris

23
Q

Which muscles elevate the hyoid?

A

The suprahyoid muscles: stylohyoid, mylohyoid, digastric, and geniohyoid

24
Q

Which muscles protrude and retrude the tongue?

A
  • Genioglossus protrudes (innervated by hypoglossus CN12)
  • Hyoglossus retrudes
  • Both depress
25
Q

What are the smiling muscles?

A
  • Zygomaticus major
  • Zygomaticus minor
  • Risorius
  • Levator labii superioris
  • Levator anguli oris
  • Orbicularis oculi
26
Q

What does the mandibular branch of V3 innervate? What are all of these structures derived from?

A
  • Muscles of mastication (medial and lateral pterygoid, masseter, temporalis)
  • Anterior belly of the digastric muscle
  • Mylohyoid muscle
  • Tensor veli palatini
  • Tensor tympani
  • Derived from first branchial arch
27
Q

What comes from the first branchial arch?

A
  • Maxilla, mandible, muscles of mastication, anterior belly of digastric, mylohyoid, tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani (all innervated by V3)
  • Meckel’s cartilage (malleus and incus)
  • Sphenomandibular ligament
  • Anterior 2/3 of tongue
28
Q

What comes from the second branchial arch?

A
  • Muscles of facial expression, posterior belly of digastric, sylohyoid muscle (all innervated by CN VII)
  • Styloid process
  • Stapes
  • Stylohyoid ligament
  • Hammock ligament: eruption
29
Q

Where does the facial nerve exit and what are its branches?

A
  • Stylomastoid foramen
  • Temporal, Zygomatic, Buccal, Mandibular, Cervical
30
Q

What provides motor and sensory nerves to the tongue?

A
  • Motor: Hypoglossal (CN12)
  • Posterior 1/3rd: Sensory and Taste: Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN9)
  • Anterior 2/3rd: Sensory - Lingual branch of CN V3
  • Anterior 2/3rd: Taste - Chorda tympani branch of facial nerve (CN7)
31
Q

Which ligament is located between the lateral and medial pterygoid muscle?

A

Pterygospinous ligament

32
Q

Which ligament follows the medial pterygoid muscle laterally?

A

Sphenomandibular ligament

33
Q

Which ligament is responsible for Eagle’s syndrome?

A

Stylohyoid ligament

34
Q

Which muscle lifts the upper lip and wing of the nose (snarl)?

A

Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

35
Q

Which muscle dampens sounds in the ear like chewing noises?

A

Tensor tympani (MF says tensor veli palatini)
(innervated by V3)

abo part 1 (14 decks)

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