Mexico Vocab Block 5

Question 1

What is Patron-client relationship?

Answer 1

When powerful government officials deliver state services & access to power in exchange for the delivery of political support.

Question 2

HDI, birthrates/ deathrates, literacy rates, PPP, GNP/GDP, are ways to measure, what?

Answer 2

Economic Development.

Question 3

Morena

Answer 3

Founded by Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador as a non-profit, it became a national party in 2014. Its ideology is left/center.

Question 4

What is the electoral system in Mexico

Answer 4

For the President in the Mexico the electoral system is a first past the post.

For the legislative branch its a Mixed system with seats given out using a frist past the post system with other seats set aside and given out using proportional representation system.

Question 5

Define Sexenio

Answer 5

Refers to the single, non-renewable 6-year term served by the President of Mexico. Meaning re-election is not allowed.

Question 6

What is the Pendulum Theory?

Answer 6

The back-and-forth effect in Mexican politics from Socialist reform to Free-market economic development and back again.

Question 7

Bracero programs

Answer 7

let over 4 million Mexican workers temporarily work in the U.S. from 1942 to 1964. It helped with farm and railroad labor shortages but was criticized for poor conditions and low pay.

Question 8

HDI

Answer 8

Human Development Index- longevity, knowledge, income.

Question 9

Supreme Court

Answer 9

Top court in Mexico has power of judicial review according to the constitution.

Question 10

Tariffs

Answer 10

Tariffs are when a country increases the price of foreign product to incentivize buying products made in the country. Generally seen as bad for economy, and can lead to trade wars

Question 11

ISI

Answer 11

the ISI (Import Substitution Industrialization) was Cardenas’ strategy of state-led development, it included the following nationalization policies~ Employs high tariffs to protect locally produced goods from foreign competition, Gov ownership of key industries, and Gov promotes industrialization (very little capital in private hands during this era).

Question 12

The Mexican Miracle

Answer 12

From the 1940s to the 1960s, the Mexican economy grew 6% per year. Mexico’s economy and manufacturing skyrocketed. However, this led to income inequality and rapid/unplanned urbanization.

Question 13

PEMEX

Answer 13

Mexico’s state oil company. It was founded by Lazaro Cardenas in 1938. It is Mexico’s biggest company and its biggest source of tax revenue. However, Enrique Peña Nieto privatized it during his term as president and allowed competition.

Question 14

Job of the Chamber of Deputies.

Answer 14

The Chamber of Deputies makes up the lower house in Mexico’s bicameral system. They’re in charge of approving legislations, levies taxes, and verifies outcomes of elections.

Question 15

Transitional Democracy

Answer 15

A country that has been a democratic regime for a period less than 40 years.