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Medicinal chemistry > Mevalonate 4 > Flashcards

Mevalonate 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

tetraterpene skeleton that is involve in tail to tail coupling of 2 molecules of geranylgerany diphosphate

A

phytoene

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2
Q

cyclopropyl compound that is intermediate in the formation tetraterpene

A

prephytoene diphosphate

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3
Q

widely distributed in lipid soluble pigments- lipochromic pigments

A

carotenoids

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4
Q

2 functions of carotenoids in plants

A

accessory pigments

coloring matters in flowers and fruits

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5
Q

extends the range of light absorbed by the photosynthetic apparatus

A

accessory light harvesting pigments

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6
Q

2 groups of carotenoids

A

simple unsaturated hydrocarbon

xanthophylls

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7
Q

long chain of 8 isoprene units giving a conjugated alternate double bond

A

simple unsaturated hydrocarbon

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8
Q

characteristic carotenoid pigment in ripe tomato fruit

A

simple unsaturated hydrocarbon

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9
Q

sci name of tomato

A

lycopersicon esculente/esculentum solanaceae

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10
Q

cyclization of simple unsaturated hydrocarbon at both ends gives

A

beta carotene - bicyclic HC

beta carotene isomers - alpha and epsilon carotene

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11
Q

gives the characteristic of color of carrots

A

beta carotene

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12
Q

sci name of carrots

A

daucus carota apiaceae

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13
Q

important antioxidant in human against some form of cancer

A

beta carotene

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14
Q

has beta ring at one end and epsilon ring at the other

A

alpha carotene

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15
Q

carotenoids lacking of symmetry

A

alpha carotene

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16
Q

precursor of beta carotene

A

gamma carotene

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17
Q

precursor of alpha carotene

A

delta carotene

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18
Q

oxygenated derivatives of carotenes

A

xanthophyll

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19
Q

classification of xanthophyll

A 
hydroxylated carotenoids
methoxylated carotenoids
oxocarotenoids
epoxycarotenoids
carboxycarotenoids
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20
Q

examples of hyroxylated carotenoid

A

cryptoxanthin
lutein
zeaxanthin

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21
Q

carotenoid pigment with vitamin a activity

A

cryptoxanthin

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22
Q

isolated from petals and berries of physalis sp

A

cryptoxanthin

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23
Q

widespread carotenoid alcohols in nature

A

lutein

zeaxanthin

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24
Q

compounds represented by tetraterpenes

A

carotenoids

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25
Q

lutein is isolated from

A

egg yolk

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26
Q

sci name of nettles

A

Urtica dioca l urticaceae

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27
Q

pigment of yellow corn zea mays l gramiaceae

A

zeaxanthin

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28
Q

sci name of yellow corn

A

zea mays l gramiaceae

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29
Q

2 carotenoids that do not posses vit a

A

lutein

zeaxanthin

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30
Q

example of methoxylated carotenoids

A

rhodovibrin

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31
Q

example of oxocarotenoids

A

rhodoxanthin

capsanthin

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32
Q

carotenoid pigment from paprika

A

capsanthin

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33
Q

sci name of paprika

A

Capsicum annuum L. Solanaceae

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34
Q

responsible for brilliant red pigment of peppers

A

capsanthin

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35
Q

rhodoxanthin aka

A

retrodehydro beta carotene

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36
Q

isolated from arils of Taxus baccata L. taxaceae

A

rhodoxanthin

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37
Q

rhodoxanthin occurs in the feathers of bird of

A

Phoenicircus nigricollis

Megaloprepria magnifica

38
Q

exist as 5,6 and 5,8 epoxides

A

epoxycarotenoids

39
Q

examples of epoxycarotenoid

A

violaxanthin
luteochromes
flavoxanthin

40
Q

contain 5,6 epoxides

A

violaxanthin

41
Q

isolated from yellow pansies

A

violaxanthin

42
Q

sci name for yellow pansies

A

Viola tricolor

43
Q

isolated from Ranunculus acris L. Ranunculaceae

A

flavoxanthin

44
Q

contains 5, 8 epoxides

A

flavoxanthin

45
Q

luteochrome aka

A

beta beta carotene diepoxide

46
Q

epoxycarotenoid that contains 5,6 and 5,8 epoxides

A

luteochrome

47
Q

isolated from tubers of white variety of sweet potato

A

luteochrome

48
Q

sci name of sweet potato

A

ipomea batatas lam.

49
Q

carotenoids with no ring structure

A

carboxycarotenoids

50
Q

carboxylated carotenoids

A

carboxycarotenoids

51
Q

examples of carboxycarotenoids

A

bixin

crocetin

52
Q

carotenoid carboxylic acid

A

bixin

53
Q

bixin is isolated from the seeds of

A

bixa orellana L. bixaceae

54
Q

trans form of bixin

A

isobixin

55
Q

isobixin is isolated from

A

Aristolochia cymbifera Mart. Aristolochiaceae

56
Q

bixin is used as

A

natural food colorant

57
Q

carotenoid dicarboxylic acid

A

crocetin

58
Q

crocetin is isolated from

A

Crocus sativus L
Crocus albiflorus var neapolitanus Hort
Crocus luteus Lam.
family iridaceae

59
Q

carotenoid metabolites

A

vitamin a and its analogues

abscisic acid

60
Q

rich sources of vitamin a

A

cod liver oil

halibut liver oil

61
Q

vitamin a1 aka

A

retinol

62
Q

vitamin a2 aka

A

dehydroretinol

63
Q

where is carotenoid converted into vit a

A

liver

64
Q

functions of vitamin a

A

role in vision
control animal growth
regulate cell differentiation, embroyin development, growth and vision

65
Q

red visual pigment that is light sensitive

A

rhodopsin

66
Q

vitamin a forms with opsin via

A

schiff base linkage

67
Q

light sensitivity involves conversion of what

A

cis retinal portion to all trans form

68
Q

protein in the mambrane of the rod photoreceptor cell in the retina of the eye

A

rhodopsin

69
Q

catalyses the light sensitive step in vision

A

rhodopsin

70
Q

what lies in the pocket of rhodopsin

A

11 cis retinal chromophore

71
Q

derived from mammals by oxidative metabolism of beta carotene

A

retinol

72
Q

beta carotene catalyzed by oxygen dependentdioxygenase producing then reduction of this results to

A

aldehyde

alcohol- retinol

73
Q

a polyene that is a powerful absorber of light

A

11 cis retinal

74
Q

2 types of cleavage of beta carotene to retinol

A

central cleavage

excentric cleavage

75
Q

cleavge that occurs in the central double bond and it is the conversion of beta carotene into 2 molecules of retinol

A

central cleavage

76
Q

cleavge that occurs at the other bonds

A

excentric cleavage

77
Q

analogue of retinol containing cyclohexadiene ring system

A

dehydroretinol

78
Q

dehydroretinol combines with opsin to form

A

porphyropsin

79
Q

derrivatives of retinol that acts as steroid hormones

A

retinoids

80
Q

tretinoin aka

A

retinoic acid

81
Q

isotretinoin aka

A

13 cis retinoic acid

82
Q

retinoids used for acne vulgaris

A

tretinoin and isotretinoin

83
Q

aromatic analogues of vitamin a

A

acitretin

etretinate

84
Q

relief for psoriasis

A

acitretin

etretinate

85
Q

plant growth regulator

A

abscisic acid

86
Q

major precursor of abscisic acid

A

trans violaxanthin

87
Q

5 higher terpenoids

A 
gutta c400 to 40000
rubber 1000 to 100k isoprene units
menaquinones C65
plastoquinones c45
ubiquinones c40 to 50
88
Q

sci name of rubber tree

A

hevea brasiliensis euphorbiaceae

89
Q

posses an extend array of cis double bond

A

rubber

90
Q

sci name of gutta percha

A

palaquium gutta sapotaceae

91
Q

gutta percha has what kind of double bond

A

trans

Medicinal chemistry (6 decks)

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