Metrics Flashcards
How do u convert Theophylline to Aminophylline?
Theophylline divided by 0.8 = Aminophylline
Equivalent of tsp (t)?
5ml
Equivalent of tbsp (T)?
15ml
Equivalent of 1 fl oz?
30ml
Equivalent of 1 cup?
8 oz
Equivalent of 1 pint?
16 oz or (29.6 x 16) 473ml
Equivalent of 1 quart?
2 pints; 946 mL
Equivalent of 1 gallon?
4 quarts; 3,785mL
Equivalent of 1 kg?
2.2 pounds
Equivalent of 1 oz?
28.4g
Equivalent of 1 pound?
454g
Equivalent of 1 in?
2.54 cm
Equivalent of 1 grain (gr)?
65mg (approx); 64.8mg (actual)
Equivalent of % (w/v)?
g/100mL
Equivalent of % (v/v)?
mL/100mL
Equivalent of % (w/w)?
g/100g
What’s measured concurrently with BMI? Why?
Waist circumference
Bcuz BMI overestimate body fat in persons who are muscular and underestimates in frail elderly
How do u calculate BMI?
Weight (kg)/ Height (m2)
Or
(Weight (pounds)/ Height (in)^2) x 704.5
IBW - male?
50kg + (2.3kg x each inch over 5 feet)
IBW - Women?
45.5kg + (2.3kg x each inch over 5 feet)
What does BUN:SCr ratio > 20 indicate?
Dehydration
Cockcroft-Gault Equation?
CrCl = 140-(age of pt) x wt in kg (x 0.85 if female)
72 x SCr
AdjBW?
IBW + 0.4 (TBW - IBW)
What GFR level indicates mild renal insufficiency (Stage 2 CKD)?
60-89 mL/min/1.73m^2
What GFR level indicates moderate renal insufficiency (Stage 3 CKD)?
30-59
What GFR level indicates severe renal insufficiency (Stage 4 CKD)?
15-29
What GFR level indicates renal failure (Stage 5 CKD)?
< 15 or on dialysis
How are Aminophylline and Theophylline dosed?
Using IBW
Formular for Specific Gravity (SG)?
SG = weight (g)/ volume (mL)
Is specific gravity same as density? Difference?
Yes!
Density is SG with units (g/mL)
Where do calories from nutrition services come from?
Carbohydrate
Fat
Protein
What’s the kcal from 1g of carbohydrate and Protein?
Both 1 gm CHO and Protein provide 4 kcal/g
The dextrose in PN provides how many calories?
3.4 kcal/gm
Kcal/gm from Fat?
9 kcal/gm
How many kcal is from IV Fat Emulsion (IVFE)
10%
20%
30%
10% - 1.1 kcal/mL
20% - 2 kcal/mL
30% - 3 kcal/mL
How do you determine fluid needs (weight > 20kg)?
1,500ml + (20ml)(wt in kg - 20)
BEE in males
66.47 + 13.75(weight in kg) + 5(height in cm) - 6.76(age in years)
BEE in females
655.1 + 9.6(weight in kg) + 1.85(height in cm) - 4.68(age in years)
TEE
BEE x activity factor x stress factor
Nitrogen intake?
Nitrogen intake = gm of protein intake/ 6.25
What size filter is used in most TPN formulation, especially with Lipids?
1.2 micron filters
What does TEE refer to?
Non-protein calories
T4, don’t include calories from protein in ur calculation for TEE
How many calories come from the diff formulations of lipids? 10%, 20%, 30%
10% - 1.1 kcal/mL
20% - 2 kcal/mL
30% - 3 kcal/mL
What’s the principal EXTRAcellular cation?
Na
What’s the principal INTRAcellular cation?
K
Normal range of K?
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
When do u need to correct Ca? Formular?
If albumin is low (<3.5 g/dL)
Ca (reported/serum) + [(4.0 - albumin) x 0.8]
What type of Ca is preferable?
Ca gluconate over CaCl
Which should u add first btw Ca and Phosphate? (After u add dextrose and amino acid)
Add Phosphate first
Which compound has 1 as dissolution # of particles?
Dextrose
Mannitol
Which compound has 2 as dissolution # of particles?
Potassium Chloride (KCl)
Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
Sodium acetate (NaC2H3O2)
Which compound has 3 as dissolution # of particles?
Calcium Chloride (CaCl2)
Which compound has 4 as dissolution # of particles?
Sodium Citrate (Na3C6H5O7)
Osmolarity Formular?
Wt of substance (g/L)/ MW (g/mole) X (# of particles) X 1,000
What’s the corresponding dissociation factor (or ionization; i) for 1 dissociated ion?
1
What’s the corresponding dissociation factor (or ionization; i) for 2 dissociated ions?
1.8
What’s the corresponding dissociation factor (or ionization; i) for 3 dissociated ions?
2.6
What’s the corresponding dissociation factor (or ionization; i) for 4 dissociated ions?
3.4
What’s the corresponding dissociation factor (or ionization; i) for 5 dissociated ions?
4.2
Formulae for Sodium Chloride equivalent or “E”?
E = (58.5)(i)/(MW of drug)(1.8)
Name meds that cause gap acidosis?
What’s the Formular for anion gap?
What’s the cut-off to determine gap acidosis?
CUTE DIMPLES
Cyanide, Uremia, Toluene, Ethanol (alcoholic ketoacidosis),
Diabetic ketoacidosis, Isoniazid, Methanol, Propylene glycol, Lactic acidosis, Ethylene glycol and Salicylates
Anion Gap (AG) = Na - Cl - HCO3
A gap is high is > 12mEq/L
How do u convert Aminophylline to Theophylline?
Aminophylline x 0.8 = Theophylline
