Common Skin Conditions - Skin Fungal Inf Flashcards
What’s Jock itch (Tinea cruris)
Affects the genitals, inner thighs and buttocks
What’s ringworm (tinea corporis)?
Not a worm, but skin infection
Looks like circular, red, flat sores
What’s Tinea capitis?
Ringworm on the scalp
In what grp of people is cutaneous (skin) candida infection most common?
Obese people bcuz they have more skin with folds
List drugs used for skin fungal tx?
Terbinafine and butenafine (highly effective)
Clotrimazole
What’s the brand name of Terbinafine? How does it come?
Lamisil AT cream and soln
List non-pharmacologic ways to treat fungal skin inf?
Reduce moisture to infected area
If foot ing, don’t walk barefoot (to avoid spreading it)
Wear scandals in public showers
What’s important for diagnosis of Onycomycosis (Tinea Unguium)?
20% potassium hydroxide (KOH) smear is essential for diagnosis as other conditions are similar
List agents used for Onycomycosis (Tinea Unguium)
Itraconazole (Sporanox)
Terbinafine (Lamisil, Terbinex)
Ciclopirox (Penlac, Loprox)
What’s the difference btw Lamisil and Lamisil AT?
Lamisil is oral Terbinafine
Lamisil AT is topical Terbinafine (used for fungal skin inf)
What’s the brand name of Itraconazole?
Sporanox
What’s the black box warning associated with Itraconazole (Sporanox)?
Avoid use in HF
Req gastric acid for absorption
Can’t use strong acid suppressing agents concurrently
SE of systemic terbinafine (Lamisil, Terbinex)?
Headache (primarily)
Rash
Nausea
Risk of hepatotoxicity
What should be monitored using systemic antifungals? (Itraconazole - Sporanox; Terbinafine - Lamisil, Terbinex; Ciclopirix - Penlac, Loprox)?
Liver enzymes/ sx of liver toxicity
What’s the sx of vaginal fungal candida (yeast) infection?
Itching with soreness and pain (burning) during urination or sex
What natural pdt is considered possibly effective in vaginal fungal candida (yeast) inf?
Lactobacillus or yoghurt with active cultures
What’s used in mild-moderate, infrequent inf?
OTC, topical agents
Butoconazole Clotrimazole Miconazole (Monistat) Terconazole Tioconazole (Vagistat-1)
What’s the duration of tx in mild-moderate, infrequent vaginal yeast inf?
1 or 3 day tx
What’s used in complicated vaginal yeast infections and in pregnancy?
Fluconazole (Diflucan)
7-10 days tx
What should be avoided with use of OTC antifungals (for vagina yeast inf)?
Avoid sexual intercourse (creams and suppositories are oil-based and
can weaker latex condoms and diaphragm)
Don’t use tampons during tx
What’s essential in Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis) tx?
Hydration is essential
Use moisturizers (petrolatum, lanolin, pdts such as Aquaphor, Eucerin, Keri or store brands)
List agents used in Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
Topical corticosteroids
Antihistamines (for itching)
Immune-suppressant calcineurin inhibitors (if topical steroids + hydration are not adequate)
Whats the 1st line of tx for Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)?
Topical steroids
What’s used as last-line in Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)?
Tacrolimus (Protopic)
Pimecrolimus (Elidel)
How do u use Tacrolimus (Protopic) and Pimecrolimus (Elidel)?
Apply thin layer only to affected skin areas, twice a day
Use smallest amt needed to control sx
Wash hands after application
Why is Lindane (Kwell) no longer used for lice tx?
Bcuz of neurotoxicity
List agents used in lice
Pyrethrins (permethrin) OTC drug of choice
Malathion lotion 0.5% (Ovide)
Benzyl alcohol lotion (Ulesfia 5% lotion)
Lindane shampoo 1%
Which lice agent kills live lice but not nits?
Benzyl alcohol lotion (Ulesfia 5% lotion)
What’s the OTC drug of choice for lice?
Permethrin (Pyrethrins)
What can be done in addition to OTC lice tx?
Remove live lice and nit (use 1-inch segments and lice comb)
Without removing live lice and nit, OTC pdt won’t work
When is tx of genital warts not req?
When there’s no sx
What agent is used in genital warts?
Imiquimod cream
How to use imiquimod cream?
Apply to entire tx area b4 bedtime and rub in unit cream is no longer visible
Use only 1 packet per application
Wash off after 8 hrs
Apply 3x/wk until clearance or 16 wks duration
What’s the primary tx for skin irritation?
Topical steroids
What strength of topical steroids is OTC?
Hydrocortisone (HC) OTC, 0.5%, 1%
All other topical strength are rx
Rank different dosage forms from highest potency to weakest potency? (Creams, lotions, ointment, sprays, gel)
Ointment > creams > lotions > solns > gels > spray
What’s used to represent pea-sized amt?
Finger-tip unit
What’s athletes foot (tinea pedis)?
Fungal infection caused commonly by TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM
