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NAPLEX Content > Common Skin Conditions - Skin Fungal Inf > Flashcards

Common Skin Conditions - Skin Fungal Inf Flashcards

1
Q

What’s Jock itch (Tinea cruris)

A

Affects the genitals, inner thighs and buttocks

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2
Q

What’s ringworm (tinea corporis)?

A

Not a worm, but skin infection

Looks like circular, red, flat sores

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3
Q

What’s Tinea capitis?

A

Ringworm on the scalp

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4
Q

In what grp of people is cutaneous (skin) candida infection most common?

A

Obese people bcuz they have more skin with folds

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5
Q

List drugs used for skin fungal tx?

A

Terbinafine and butenafine (highly effective)

Clotrimazole

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6
Q

What’s the brand name of Terbinafine? How does it come?

A

Lamisil AT cream and soln

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7
Q

List non-pharmacologic ways to treat fungal skin inf?

A

Reduce moisture to infected area

If foot ing, don’t walk barefoot (to avoid spreading it)

Wear scandals in public showers

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8
Q

What’s important for diagnosis of Onycomycosis (Tinea Unguium)?

A

20% potassium hydroxide (KOH) smear is essential for diagnosis as other conditions are similar

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9
Q

List agents used for Onycomycosis (Tinea Unguium)

A

Itraconazole (Sporanox)

Terbinafine (Lamisil, Terbinex)

Ciclopirox (Penlac, Loprox)

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10
Q

What’s the difference btw Lamisil and Lamisil AT?

A

Lamisil is oral Terbinafine

Lamisil AT is topical Terbinafine (used for fungal skin inf)

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11
Q

What’s the brand name of Itraconazole?

A

Sporanox

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12
Q

What’s the black box warning associated with Itraconazole (Sporanox)?

A

Avoid use in HF

Req gastric acid for absorption

Can’t use strong acid suppressing agents concurrently

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13
Q

SE of systemic terbinafine (Lamisil, Terbinex)?

A

Headache (primarily)

Rash

Nausea

Risk of hepatotoxicity

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14
Q

What should be monitored using systemic antifungals? (Itraconazole - Sporanox; Terbinafine - Lamisil, Terbinex; Ciclopirix - Penlac, Loprox)?

A

Liver enzymes/ sx of liver toxicity

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15
Q

What’s the sx of vaginal fungal candida (yeast) infection?

A

Itching with soreness and pain (burning) during urination or sex

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16
Q

What natural pdt is considered possibly effective in vaginal fungal candida (yeast) inf?

A

Lactobacillus or yoghurt with active cultures

17
Q

What’s used in mild-moderate, infrequent inf?

A

OTC, topical agents

Butoconazole
Clotrimazole 
Miconazole (Monistat)
Terconazole 
Tioconazole (Vagistat-1)
18
Q

What’s the duration of tx in mild-moderate, infrequent vaginal yeast inf?

A

1 or 3 day tx

19
Q

What’s used in complicated vaginal yeast infections and in pregnancy?

A

Fluconazole (Diflucan)

7-10 days tx

20
Q

What should be avoided with use of OTC antifungals (for vagina yeast inf)?

A

Avoid sexual intercourse (creams and suppositories are oil-based and
can weaker latex condoms and diaphragm)

Don’t use tampons during tx

21
Q

What’s essential in Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis) tx?

A

Hydration is essential

Use moisturizers (petrolatum, lanolin, pdts such as Aquaphor, Eucerin, Keri or store brands)

22
Q

List agents used in Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)

A

Topical corticosteroids

Antihistamines (for itching)

Immune-suppressant calcineurin inhibitors (if topical steroids + hydration are not adequate)

23
Q

Whats the 1st line of tx for Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)?

A

Topical steroids

24
Q

What’s used as last-line in Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)?

A

Tacrolimus (Protopic)

Pimecrolimus (Elidel)

25
Q

How do u use Tacrolimus (Protopic) and Pimecrolimus (Elidel)?

A

Apply thin layer only to affected skin areas, twice a day

Use smallest amt needed to control sx

Wash hands after application

26
Q

Why is Lindane (Kwell) no longer used for lice tx?

A

Bcuz of neurotoxicity

27
Q

List agents used in lice

A

Pyrethrins (permethrin) OTC drug of choice

Malathion lotion 0.5% (Ovide)

Benzyl alcohol lotion (Ulesfia 5% lotion)

Lindane shampoo 1%

28
Q

Which lice agent kills live lice but not nits?

A

Benzyl alcohol lotion (Ulesfia 5% lotion)

29
Q

What’s the OTC drug of choice for lice?

A

Permethrin (Pyrethrins)

30
Q

What can be done in addition to OTC lice tx?

A

Remove live lice and nit (use 1-inch segments and lice comb)

Without removing live lice and nit, OTC pdt won’t work

31
Q

When is tx of genital warts not req?

A

When there’s no sx

32
Q

What agent is used in genital warts?

A

Imiquimod cream

33
Q

How to use imiquimod cream?

A

Apply to entire tx area b4 bedtime and rub in unit cream is no longer visible

Use only 1 packet per application

Wash off after 8 hrs

Apply 3x/wk until clearance or 16 wks duration

34
Q

What’s the primary tx for skin irritation?

A

Topical steroids

35
Q

What strength of topical steroids is OTC?

A

Hydrocortisone (HC) OTC, 0.5%, 1%

All other topical strength are rx

36
Q

Rank different dosage forms from highest potency to weakest potency? (Creams, lotions, ointment, sprays, gel)

A

Ointment > creams > lotions > solns > gels > spray

37
Q

What’s used to represent pea-sized amt?

A

Finger-tip unit

38
Q

What’s athletes foot (tinea pedis)?

A

Fungal infection caused commonly by TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM

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