metoclopramide Flashcards
what is the classification of metoclopramide
prokinetic agents
what is the trade name for metoclopramide
Reglan, Octamide, Metozolv ODT
what is the pharmacotherapeutic of metoclopramide
used to relieve symptoms of diateic gastroparesis (diabetic gastric statis). also GERD, prevention of post-op N/V, prevention of chemotherapy-induced vomiting
how is metoclopramide administered
orally 30 minutes before each meal and bedtime
IM - near end of surgery
IV - 30 minutes before chemotherapy
what is the pharmacodynamics of metoclopramide
unclear however, it appears to sensitize tissues to the effect of acetylcholine. it has the cholinergic-like effect on the upper GI tract of stimulating motility but does not stimulate gastric, pancreatic, or gallbladder secretions. metoclopramide increases peristalsis of the duodenum and jejunum, thus shortening the transit time through the stomach and small intestine. it also increases the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter, increases gastric contractions, and relaxes the pyloric sphincter.
what are the C/I and precautions of metoclopramide
GI hemorrhage, perforation, or mechanical obstruction.
hypersensitivity
what are the A/E of metoclopramide
CNS complaints (common) tardive dyskinesia and severe depression (most serious)
what life span and gender would you asses with pts taking metoclopramide
older women are more likely to experience tardive dyskinesia as an A/E
how would you maximize the therapeutic effects of metoclopramide
give metoclopramide 30 minutes before meals or chemotherapy
how would you minimize the A/E of metoclopramide
monitor for depression, Parkinson-like symptoms, extrapyramidal effects, and tardive dyskinesia; hold further drug administration and contact prescriber if noted
what are the patient education of metoclopramide
teach pt to recogize signs of serious A/E; to call presriber at once when noted
