methodology: case formulation Flashcards
state 6 characteristics / purposes of a case formulation
- make sense of problems
- identify dynamic risk factors
- create a detailed analysis of behaviour
- design effective treatment
- safety plan
- regularly review treatment
what is phase 1?
offender analysis
what is the purpose of offender analysis?
- provides a risk assessment
- helps to understand the likelihood of recidivism
what is offence paralleling behaviour?
- any behaviour linked to the crime which happens before or after it
- the way a person was functioning at the time of a crime
- eg mental illness or life events such as losing a job
- or external motivation such as being in a gang
what are criminogenic factors?
the cause or likely cause of behaviours
summarise the steps of phase 1: offender analysis
- understand cause of offence/overview of past
- when (physical and life timeline)
- who (victims/relationship)
- what (anticedent, behaviour, consequence)
- why (internal and external motivation)
- uses a flow diagram
why is a flow diagram used for offence analysis?
simplifies complexity
describe the flow diagram in an offence analysis
- early experience
- dysfunctional assumption due to this
- critical incident/trigger
- negative automatic thought
- symptoms
what is phase 2?
understanding the offender
what is the purpose of understanding the offender?
psychological underpinning of behaviour and linking to a theory
summarise the steps of phase 2: understanding the offender
- plan best/worst case scenarios
- understand potential victims and levels of harm
what is phase 3?
applying treatment
describe the steps of phase 3: applying treatment
- establish treatment for offender
- reflect on how they started, presence of mental illness and risk of reoffence
- later reassessed
- use of HCPC guidelines eg remain unbiased, maintain quality of practise and maintain confidentiality
what is a weakness of using case formulation?
- methodology criticism 1
- qualitative data
- gathered at a clinical interview done by multiple people so open to subjectivity
what is a weakness of using case formulation?
- methodology criticism 2
- retrospective data
- memory is easily distorted for offence analysis
- could be unreliable
what is a weakness of using case formulation?
- reliability
- no standardised procedure
- unique offenders
- cannot be replicated
- only measures recidivism so not fully accurate
what is a weakness of using case formulation?
- validity
- treatment may not be working
- social desirability suggests it is as offenders want to be released
what is a weakness of using case formulation?
- opposing study 1
Schult
- therapies are effective
- case formulation adds nothing so is a waste of time
what is a weakness of using case formulation?
- opposing study 2
Capretta
- social desirability showed batterers improved but recidivism rates didn’t decrease
what is a strength of using case formulation?
- application compliment
- reduces recidivism
- improves offenders life
- ensures most effective treatment chosen for complex crimes
what is a strength of using case formulation?
- validity 1
- objective data
- free from bias
what is a strength of using case formulation?
- validity 2
- holistic
- considers gender and culture
what is a strength of using case formulation?
- supporting study 1
McKnight
- effective in treatment prediction
what is a strength of using case formulation?
- supporting study 2
Whitehead
- Mr C developed new sense of identity and prevented relapse
what is a strength of using case formulation?
- supporting study 3
Berry
- must be unbiased in order to be successful
- increase meetings between staff and offender to do this
