methodolgy Flashcards
what are the 2 methodologies
experimental + non experimental
what are the 2 types of non experimental research?
obersvational and case study
observational research, what is it used for (application)
studies behaviours in a natural setting
observational research, how is it carried out (method)
an individual observes another individual or group in a natural environment and records it
pros and cons of observational research
pros:
natural setting
inexpensive
easy to conduct
cons:
observer bias by only relying on an observer’s interpretation
case study, what is it used for? (application)
to gain detailed knowledge about an individual case
case study, how is it carried out (method)
no fixed experimental design or hypothesis to guide the research.
it can study atypical or unsual conditions
pros and cos of a case study
pros: rich details about a specific subject
cons: difficulty in applying finding to the wider population
selection of participants (4 types of samples)
convenience sampling
snowballing
random
stratified
application of convenience sampling
using participants that are conenient to the researcher
no patten
method of convenience sampling
asking people in their clasd, workplace, building
pros and cons of convenience sampling
pros:
cost efficient
easily accessible
time efficient
cons:
not a representation of the wider population.
application of snowball sampling
researcher depends on a small no of participants to help them reach other subjects
like a chain
method of snowball sampling
participant X knows another participant with X, they recruit them
pros and cons of snowballing sampling
pros:
ability to reach hard to acess populations
cons:
refer within their networks
application of random sampling
each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected
method of rendom sampling
lotteries, random generators
pros and cons of random sampling
pros:
minimizes bias
easy
cons:
cost
response rate
exclusion of groups
application of stratified sampling
strata in the population
more important to represent the groups in the same proportions
method of stratified data
divide the population into subgroups that may differ in important ways
every subgroup is properly represented in the sample
pros and cons of stratified data
pros:
accurate representation of the subgroups
cons:
increased complexity
