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aviation > Meterology > Flashcards

Meterology Flashcards

Clouds and what-not ;)

1
Q

Define: Orographicn lift

A

Air moving up a sloping terrain, such as a moutian side, will continue upward movement especially if unstable

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2
Q

Define: Stratus cloud

A

forms in horizontal layers and usually forms as a layer of moist air is cooled below its saturation point

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3
Q

Does a land breeze blow at day or night?

A

Night, land cools and air above cools in turn, the warmer air over the water rises and cool air moves from land to sea to fill in.

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4
Q

The ICAO standard atsmophere is________

A

pressure-29.92”Hg
Tempurature-15C
Lapse rate-1.98C/1000’

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5
Q

Define: Occlusion

A

cold air mass catches up with onesself lifting the warmer sector entirely off the ground

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6
Q

Define: Warm front

A

A mass of warm air advancing on a retreating mass of cold air

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7
Q

List the different types of fog-5

A

1) Radiation-ground cooled at night, air above ground also cools, if air is moistand cooled below saturation pointfog forms
2) Advection fog-warm damp air blows over cold surface
3) Upslope fog-air cooled by expansionas moves up
4) Steam fog-cold air passes over warm water, evaporation occurs until air is saturated
5) Ice fog-extremely cold tempuratures, fuel combustion and moisture to air

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8
Q

In standard atsmophere the tempurature at 5000’ would be?

A

5*C

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9
Q

Define Cumuloform clouds

A

forms in rising air currents and are evidence of unstable air conditions

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10
Q

Define: Pressure altittude

A

The reading on the altimeter when it is set to standard barometric pressure

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11
Q

During a descent from 200’ AGL to the surface, you will usually find that the winds; Veer/back, increase/decrease?

A

Back and decrease

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12
Q

Define: Trowal

A

wedge shaped mass of air overlying an occluded front

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13
Q

Name the different types of high and low clouds

A

high: Cirrus(Ci)
Low: Alto

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14
Q

what are the two main forces affecting movement of upper level winds?

A

1) pressure gradient- forces air horizontal from an area of high to low pressure
2) Coriolis force-deflects the flow of air cuasing it to flow parrelel to isobars
* Coriolis force deflects to the right in the northern hemisphere

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15
Q

Define: Sublimation

A

heating of ice crystals changing them to invisible gas without passing through the visible water droplet stage

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16
Q

what invisible gases is the atsmophere composed of?

A

78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
1% other(argon, carbon dioxide etc.)

17
Q

Are areas of convergence or divergence more favourable to the occurence of precipitation in form of thunderstorms rain hail or snow.

A

Convergence

18
Q

Define: Isobars

A

located on a weather map, lines that join areas of equal barometric pressure at 4 millibar intervals

19
Q

the cloud type usually associated with steady rains is___________.

A

Nimbostatus

20
Q

How do condensation nuclei affect cloud formation

A

condensation nuclei are reguired for water droplets to form

21
Q

What type of cloud should be avoided because of its turbulence, the danger of heavy icing and violent electrical activity?

A

Comunolimbus

22
Q

Define: Absolute altitude

A

Actual height above earths surface

23
Q

Atsmophere Consists of 4 distinct layers list in ascending order.

A

troposhpere
statosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere

24
Q

Define: Advection

A

A flow of air that movess from acold area over a warm area will be heated in its lower layers by the warm earth over which it is flowing

25
Q

What are the principle air masses?

A 
Continental Arctic (cA)
Maritime Arctic (mA)
Continental Polar (cP)
Maritime Polar (mP)
Continental Tropical (cT)
maritime Tropical (mT)
26
Q

Define: Divergence

A

A flow of air outwards from an area

27
Q

Define: Cold front

A

a mass of cold air overtaking warmer air

28
Q

Define: Trough

A

an elongated U-shaped area of low pressure with higher pressure on either side

29
Q 
How many oktas of the sk are covered in the following:
 Clear\_\_\_\_\_\_
Few\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Scattered\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Broken\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Overcast\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
A 
Clear-no clouds
Few-2 or less
Scattered-3 to 4
Broken- 5 to 7
Overcast- 8
30
Q

Define: Frontolysis

A

a front which is decreasing in intensity

31
Q

Define: Geostraphic winds

A

wind that flows parralel to isobars

32
Q

Define: Expansion

A

on account of rising air it expands and in results in cooling

33
Q

Define: Frontogenesis

A

A front which is increasing in intensity

34
Q

Define: Convergence

A

the flow of air into an area is usually accompanied by an upward movement of air to permit the excess accumulation of air to escape

35
Q

Name the different types of low and vertical clouds

A

Low: Stratus
Vertical: Cumulus

36
Q

Define: Density altitude

A

Pressure altitude corrected for tempurature

aviation (5 decks)

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