Meteorology and Ocenography

Question 1

Winds from the four cardinal points of the compass; that is, North, South, East, West winds are known as:

Answer 1

Cardinal winds

Question 2

Winds continuously flowing outward from the sun at very high velocity, composed mainly of hydrogen gas which interacts with the magnetic field of the earth that produces various effects in the upper atmosphere like auroras, etc.

Answer 2

Solar wind

Question 3

When the disk of the sun is hidden at these times by clouds or an obscuring phenomenon at sunrise or sunset.

Answer 3

Cloudy

Question 4

What kind of weather would you expect soon after seeing a hook or comma-shaped cirrus clouds?

Answer 4

Rain with the approach of warm front

Question 5

Water droplets displaced by the wind from a body of water and carried up into the air in such quantities that they reduce the horizontal visibility to less than 6 nautical miles.

Answer 5

Blowing spray

Question 6

Warm air masses will generally have:

Answer 6

Stratiform clouds

Question 7

TYPE 4. Rainfall is more or less evenly distributed throughout the year. This is also intermediate between the first and second climatic types although it resembles the second type more closely because it has a dry season. This includes the following area:

Answer 7

Southern Mindanao, Northern Zamboanga, Bohol, Leyte and Eastern Luzon

Question 8

TYPE 3 has no very pronounced maximum rain period, with short season lasting only from one to three months. These are partly shielded from the Northeast monsoon and are also benefitted by the rainfall caused by tropical cyclones. They include the following:

Answer 8

Central Mindanao, Central Visayas, Southern Tagalog and Central Luzon

Question 9

TYPE 2 has no dry season with very pronouned maximum rain period in winter, generally occuring in December and January although there is NOT a single dry month. Areas characterized by this climate are open to the North East monsoon. They include the provinces of:

Answer 9

Cagayan valley, Eastern Mindanao and Eastern Visayas

Question 10

Type 1 has two pronounced seasons, dry from December to May and wet from June to September. Areas characterized by this climates are generally exposed to the Southwest monsoon. They include the provices of:

Answer 10

Western Palawan, Mindoro and Western part of Luzon

Question 11

Tide near the time of syzygy, when ranges between high water and low water are greatest.

Answer 11

Spring tide

Question 12

This term pertains to actions or occurences that are completed within 24 hours and that recur every 24 hours.

Answer 12

Diurnal

Question 13

This term is used to imply the process of cyclogenesis in which there is a decrease in the central barometric pressure of a low pressure area accompanied by the intensification of its cyclonic circulation.

Answer 13

Deepening

Question 14

This occurs when cool air can hold less water vapor than warm air, and excess water condenses into either liquid or ice.

Answer 14

Clouds

Question 15

This is the leading of edge of a relatively cold air mass that moves so that the warm air is replaced by colder air.

Answer 15

Cold Front

Question 16

This is suspended from buoys which are used to determine the set and drift of currents at a desired depth by tracking the motions that they give to the buoys at the surface.

Answer 16

Drogue

Question 17

This is a snow which is raised from the surface of the Earth by the wind to a height of more than 2 meters above the surface.

Answer 17

Blowing snow

Question 18

This is a snow which is raised from the surface of the Earth by the wind to a height of less than 2 meters above the surface.

Answer 18

Drifting snow

Question 19

This is a partly enclosed body of water where the salinity of ocean water is measurably reduced by freshwater input from land.

Answer 19

Estuary

Question 20

This is a description of the properties of sea surface waves at a given time.

Answer 20

Sea state

Question 21

The wind circulation around this pressure system is counter-clockwise and outward in the Southern Hemisphere. What type of pressure system is this?

Answer 21

High Pressure

Question 22

The wind circulation around this pressure system is counter-clockwise and inward in the Northern Hemisphere. What type of pressure system is this?

Answer 22

Low Pressure

Question 23

The wind circulation around this pressure system is clockwise and outward in the Northern Hemisphere. What type of pressure system is this?

Answer 23

High Pressure

Question 24

The wind circulation around this pressure system is clockwise and inward in the Southern Hemisphere. What type of pressure system is this?

Answer 24

Low Pressure

Question 25

The water portion of the Earth as distinguished from its solid part is called the:

Answer 25

Hydrosphere

Question 26

The total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures each component would have if it alone occupied the volume of mixture at its temperature.

Answer 26

Dalton’s Law

Question 27

The thin layer of transparent gases, predominantly hydrogenand helium above the photosphere and below the corona of the sun.

Answer 27

Chromosphere

Question 28

The tendency of two nearby tropical cyclones to rotate cyclonically about each other as a result of their circulations’ mutual advection is called:

Answer 28

Fujiwhara effect

Question 29

The temperature to which a given air parcel must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur.

Answer 29

Dew point

Question 30

The relative ability of a substance to absorb water vapor from its surroundings and ultimately dissolve is termed as:

Answer 30

hygroscopicity

Question 31

The region poleward of the Arctic or Antarctic Circles (66-33’N and 66-33’ S respectively)

Answer 31

Frigid Zone

Question 32

The quantiy measured by a thermometer whether it is a dry-bulb or wet-bulb thermometer is called:

Answer 32

Temperature

Question 33

The quantity measured by a barometer whether it is an aneroid or mercury barometer is:

Answer 33

Pressure

Question 34

The process by which various types of clouds are formed involving the cooling by expansion of ascending moist air.

Answer 34

Cloud formation

Question 35

The outermost or topmost portion of the atmosphere is the:

Answer 35

Exosphere

Question 36

The main synoptic times (in UTC) at which meteorological observations are made for the purpose of synoptic analysis are:

Answer 36

0000, 0600, 1200, 1800

Question 37

The lowest level in the atmosphere at which the air contains a perceptible quantity of clouds particles in the given cloud layer.

Answer 37

Cloud Base

Question 38

The interconversion of magnetic and compass headings can be found on a n especially designed nomogram called:

Answer 38

Napier Diagram

Question 39

The interconversion of departure and difference of longitude is a method mostly used in what type of sailing?

Answer 39

Parallel sailing

Question 40

The initial formation of a front or frontal zone is called a/an:

Answer 40

Frontogenesis

Question 41

The fraction of solar radiation reflected directly by clouds in the atmosphere is known as:

Answer 41

Cloud Albedo

Question 42

The force imparted by the earth to a mass that is at rest relative to the earth is called:

Answer 42

Gravity

Question 43

The first light that is visible in the solar sky before sunrise or the time of that appearance which is synonymous with the beginning of morning twilight.

Answer 43

Dawn

Question 44

The envelope of air that does not contain air pollution is called:

Answer 44

Clean Air

Question 45

The dissipation of a front or frontal zone is called a/an:

Answer 45

Frontolysis

Question 46

The description and scientific study of the athmosphere is called:

Answer 46

Climatology

Question 47

The cylindrical vessel of a mercury barometer into which the tube dips.

Answer 47

Cistern

Question 48

The condition in which vapor pressure is equal to the equilibrium vapor pressure over a plane surface of pure liquid water, or sometimes ice.

Answer 48

Saturation

Question 49

The breaking away of a mass of ice from a floating glacier, ice front, or iceberg.

Answer 49

Calving

Question 50

The Bicol region and Southern Luzon includin Mindoro Island is often hit by tropical cyclones at an average of:

Answer 50

3 cyclones in 2 years

Question 51

The area within a circulation of a tropical cyclone where relatively warm air can be found.

Answer 51

Warm Sector

Question 52

The area within a circulation of a tropical cyclone where relatively cold air can be found.

Answer 52

Cold Sector

Question 53

The air that surrounds us, within which we live is the____.

Answer 53

Atmosphere

Question 54

The addition of agents (ex. Silver iodide) that will alter the phase and size distribution of cloud particles, with the intent of influencing precipitation.

Answer 54

Cloud seeding

Question 55

That part of morning or evening twilight between complete darkness and civil twilight is called:

Answer 55

Dusk

Question 56

That parallel of latitude that lies directly beneath the winter solstice solstice is the:

Answer 56

Tropic of Capricorn

Question 57

That parallel of latitude that lies directly beneath the summer solstice is the:

Answer 57

Tropic of Cancer

Question 58

Substances that do not occur naturally in the atmosphere.

Answer 58

Air pollutants

Question 59

Sky with a total cover greater than four oktas.

Answer 59

Cloudy Sky

Question 60

Shreds or small detached masses of clouds moving rapidly before the wind often below a layer of lighter clouds are popularly called:

Answer 60

Scud

Question 61

Sea from the surface of which meltwater has disappeared after the formation of cracks and thaw holes.

Answer 61

Dried ice

Question 62

Samar and Leyte provinces experience the passing of five tropical cyclones every:

Answer 62

three years

Question 63

Rising air currents produced by warm islands are commonly called:

Answer 63

Atoll clouds

Question 64

Rains or thundersqualls of the frontal type experienced mainly fom the coast of brazil?

Answer 64

Abrolhos squalls

Question 65

Pressure chart changes shows:

Answer 65

isobaric lines

Question 66

Popularly, a descriptive of short, rough, irregular wave motion on a sea surface.

Answer 66

Choppy seas

Question 67

Pieces of floating ice that are subjected to a converging motion which increases ice concentration and/or produces stresses that may result in ice deformation.

Answer 67

Compaction

Question 68

Philippine area with the second highest frequency of cyclones passing the province of Isabela, Mt.Province, Ifugao, Abra, Ilocos Sur averages:

Answer 68

2 cyclones per year

Question 69

One thousand millibars is equal to :

Answer 69

all of these

Question 70

Once daily, tidal variations in sea-level which increase with lunar or solar declination North and South of the equator.

Answer 70

Diurnal tide

Question 71

On a weather map, lines drawn with equal atmospheric pressure is called:

Answer 71

isobars

Question 72

Often resembles a cauliflower, the sunlit parts of these clouds are mostly brilliant white and their bases are relatively dark and nearly horizontal.

Answer 72

Cumulus

Question 73

Often resembles a cauliflower with the sunlit part are brilliant white and their base is relatively dark and horizontal.

Answer 73

Cumulus

Question 74

Metro Manila and Polillio islands,including Bataan and Central Luzon averages the passing of tropical storms by:

Answer 74

5 cyclones in three years

Question 75

Meteorological information issued when actual or expected weather conditions do not constitute a serious hazard but may cause inconvenience or concern

Answer 75

Weather advisory

Question 76

Lines on the Earth’s surface with zero magnetic dip is called:

Answer 76

aclinic

Question 77

Lines on a weather map having equal amounts of precipitation during a given time is called:

Answer 77

isohyet

Question 78

Lines on a magnetic chart connecting points of zero variation.

Answer 78

agonic

Question 79

Lines of equal percentage of the total annual precipitation falls in a given season or month is called:

Answer 79

isomer

Question 80

It is one climatic type, an annually recurring period of one or more months during which precipitation is at minimum.

Answer 80

Dry season

Question 81

It is a nomogram or a graphical device on a weather chart used for the determination of the wind speed along straight isobars or isobaric spacing on a synoptic chart.

Answer 81

Geostophic Wind Scale

Question 82

In Meteorology,this is ageneral term for dry substances suspended in the atmosphere including dust, haze, smoke, and sand.

Answer 82

lithometeor

Question 83

In Meteorology, this term is applied to an area where weather, wind, pressure, etc., show signs of initial development of a cyclonic circulation.

Answer 83

Disturbance

Question 84

In Meteorology, this refers to electrostatic discharges in the atmosphere with a visible and audible sound of lightning and thunder.

Answer 84

electrometeor

Question 85

In Meteorology, this instrument is used to meaure quantities of heat particularly to measure solar radiation.

Answer 85

Calorimeter

Question 86

In Meteorology, the unit of atmospheric pressure used in synoptic charts is the hectoPascal. One hectoPascal (hPa) is equal to:

Answer 86

1 millibar

Question 87

In Meteorology, the Beaufort Wind scale of a wind with a speed from 7 to 10 knots is Force 3. This is known as a:

Answer 87

Gentle Breeze

Question 88

In Meteorology, it is usually the “eye of the storm”, that is the roughly circular area of comparatively light winds found at the center of a severe tropical cyclone.

Answer 88

Eye

Question 89

In Meteorology, it is the process by which water vapor changes to dew, fog or clouds.This term is known as:

Answer 89

Condensation

Question 90

In Meteorology, it is the process by which the change of water is from liquid to gaseous state.

Answer 90

Evaporization

Question 91

In Meteorology, it is the point of intersection of a trough and a ridge in the pressure pattern in the weather map.

Answer 91

Col

Question 92

In Meteorology, it is a ring of cumulonimbus that encircles the eye of a tropical cyclone.

Answer 92

Eyewall

Question 93

In Meteorology, it is a departure from the usual decrease or increase with height of an atmospheric property like temperature.

Answer 93

inversion

Question 94

In Meteorology, generally, the interface or transition zone between two air masses of different density.

Answer 94

Front

Question 95

In Meteorology, fog associated with frontal zones and frontal passages is called a/an:

Answer 95

Frontal Fog

Question 96

In Meteorology, any chart or map on which data and analyses are presented that describe the state of the atmosphere over a large area at a given moment of time is termed as:

Answer 96

Synoptic chart

Question 97

In Meteorology, a storm warning of sustained winds of 28 to 47 knots inclusive either predicted or occuring and it is not associated with tropical cyclones.

Answer 97

Gale warning

Question 98

In low latitudes, the Highs of the diurnal variation of pressure occur(s) at:

Answer 98

1000 and 2200

Question 99

In general, any tornado over a body of water is called:

Answer 99

waterspout

Question 100

In an ocean area where waves are generated by a wind having a constant direction and speed, this length or distance is measured in the direction of the wind in which the ocean waves are generated.

Answer 100

Fetch

Question 101

If you are located within a stationary high pressure area and your aneroid barometer is falling steadily, it means :

Answer 101

a decrease in the intensity of the pressure system

Question 102

If the air is cold relativeto the surface, the lower portion of the air mass will be _____, resulting in an unstable air.

Answer 102

heated

Question 103

If an air mass is warm relative to the surface, the lower portion of the air mass is ______, tending to remain close to the surface which is a stble air.

Answer 103

cooled

Question 104

Ice on a body of water that remains as an unbroken surface when the water level drops so that a cavity is formed between the water surface and the ice.

Answer 104

Shell ice

Question 105

Having the sense of rotation about the local vertical and the same as that of the Earth’s rotation; that is, if viewed from above, counter-clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

Answer 105

Cyclonic

Question 106

Disintegration of an ice cover on coastal waters, on land or river as a result of thermal and mechanical processes is called:

Answer 106

Ice breakup

Question 107

Characterized by equal or constant pressure with respect to either space or time.

Answer 107

isobaric

Question 108

Basilan, Sulu and Zamboanga in Southern Mindanao normally averages:

Answer 108

1 tropical cyclone in 12 years

Question 109

Any winds with components from the West and generally moving in an easterly direction is termed as:

Answer 109

Westerlies

Question 110

Any winds with components from the East and generally moving in a westerly direction is termed as:

Answer 110

Easterlies

Question 111

Any sea ice that is immobile due to its attachement to a coast, ususally extending offshore at about 20 meters isobath is called a/an:

Answer 111

Fast ice

Question 112

Any sea ice that has been drifting from its place of origin is called:

Answer 112

Drift ice

Question 113

Any relatively flat piece of ice 20 m or more across. It may be composed of several fragments bonded together.

Answer 113

Floe

Question 114

Any product of condensation or deposition of atmospheric water vapor formed in the atmosphere or the earth’s surface is called a/an:

Answer 114

Hydrometeor

Question 115

Any development or strengthening of a cyclonic circulation in the atmosphere where previously it did not exist as well as to the intensification of existing cyclonic flow.

Answer 115

Cyclogenesis

Question 116

Any deposit or coating of ice on an object caused by the impingement and freezing of liquid hydrometeors.

Answer 116

icing

Question 117

Any cyclonic-scale storm that is not a tropical cyclone, usually referring only to the migratory frontal cyclones of middle and high latitudes is called a/an:

Answer 117

Extratropical cyclone

Question 118

Anautomatic, active, remote-sensing device for detecting the presence of clouds and meaures the height of their bases.

Answer 118

Ceilometer

Question 119

An unusual, frequently severe weather condition characterized by strong winds and dust-filled air over an extensive area.

Answer 119

Duststorm

Question 120

An avalanche of dry loose snow is called:

Answer 120

Dust avalanche

Question 121

An assessment of the future state of the atmosphere with respect to precipitation, clouds, winds and temperature.

Answer 121

Weather forecast

Question 122

An apparent fog in the distance wherein no fog actually exists is called:

Answer 122

Fata Bromosa

Question 123

Advice to shipping companies and ship captains of the best routes to be taken between any two ports by a particular ship.

Answer 123

Ship Routing

Question 124

A wind speed of 17 to 21 knots is described as:

Answer 124

fresh breeze

Question 125

A wave that increases linearly with time for a fixed interval, returns abruptly to the original level, and repeats the process periodically thus producing a shape resembling the teeth of a saw.

Answer 125

Sawtooth wave

Question 126

A wave generated during a storm, usually taken to refer to a wave of great height.

Answer 126

Storm wave

Question 127

A typhoon with a maximum sustained surface winds of 130 knots or greater.

Answer 127

supertyphoon

Question 128

A transparent, colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid found near the surface of the earth is:

Answer 128

water

Question 129

A thermometer scale wherein Absolute zero temperature is placed at -273.16 degrees Celsius

Answer 129

Kelvin scale

Question 130

A thermometer scale calibrated in 180 scale divisions wherein the boiling point of water is at 212 degrees and freezing point is at 32 degrees.

Answer 130

Fahrenheit scale

Question 131

A thermometer scale calibrated in 100 scale divisions wherein the boiling point of water is at 100 degrees and freezing point is at 0 degrees.

Answer 131

Centigrade scale

Question 132

A strong, dusty, or sandy northwesterly wind that blows seaward along the south coast of Arabia.

Answer 132

Belat

Question 133

A storm characterized by a fall of freezing liquid precipitation.

Answer 133

ice storm

Question 134

A statement of the actual values of meteorological elements observed at a specified place and time.

Answer 134

Weather report

Question 135

A sky with considerable cirrocumulus clouds is popularly called a/an:

Answer 135

mackerel sky

Question 136

A severe thunderstorm with vivid lightning and violent squalls coming from land off the West coast of Nicaragua and Costa Rica in Central America.

Answer 136

Chubasco

Question 137

A sea surface wave that has become too steep to be stable and that breaks on the shore or in the open ocean.

Answer 137

Breaker

Question 138

A region of reverse flow immediately downwind of an obstacle or mountain where the surface wind is opposite to the prevailing wind direction upstream of the obstacle.

Answer 138

Cavity

Question 139

A rare type of fog formed in the same manner as a steam fog, but a colder temperatures so that it is composed of ice particles instead of water droplets.

Answer 139

Frost smoke

Question 140

A rapidly rotating column of air over a dry and dusty and shady area carrying leaves and other light materials picked up from the ground.

Answer 140

Dust Whirl

Question 141

A process in which a substance that can exist in two or more phases is converted from one phase to another as in evaporation, condensation, freezing, melting, and sublimation of water.

Answer 141

Change of Phase

Question 142

A point in the sea where there is zero tidal amplitude due to cancelling of waves.

Answer 142

Amphidrome

Question 143

A period of abnormally dry weather sufficiently lone enough to cause a serious hydrological imbalance.

Answer 143

Drought

Question 144

A period of abnormally and uncomfortably hot and usually humid weather which may last from several days to several weeks.

Answer 144

Heat wave

Question 145

A pattern of variable brightness on the underside of a cloud layer as a consequence of the variable reflectivity of the surface immediately underneath like ice, snow, land or water.

Answer 145

sky map

Question 146

A patch of white water formed at the crest of a wave as it breaks, due to air being mixed into the water.

Answer 146

White caps

Question 147

A northwesterly gale of the West Indies.

Answer 147

Chocolatta North

Question 148

A nautical term for the equatorial trough, with special reference to the light and variable nature of the winds.

Answer 148

Doldrums

Question 149

A monthly broadcast of the mean values of the meteorological elements during the preceding months for stations belonging to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)

Answer 149

Climat Broadcast

Question 150

A moderate to gale-force southeasterly wind in the Persian Gulf accompanied by gloomy weather, rain and squalls.

Answer 150

Sharki

Question 151

A mass of air that is devoid or free of clouds or fog is called:

Answer 151

Clear air

Question 152

A low pressure that may be completely encircled by an isobar is a:

Answer 152

Closed Low

Question 153

A long, well-defined wisps of cirrus clouds, thicker at one end than the other.

Answer 153

mare’s tails

Question 154

A line on a weather chart connecting points of the same barometric tendencies.

Answer 154

isallobars

Question 155

A line on a given surface chart connecting points with equal wind speed.

Answer 155

isotach

Question 156

A line on a chart connecting all points of equal salinity or constant salinity.

Answer 156

isohaline

Question 157

A line joining geographical points of equal insolation during a specific interval of time.

Answer 157

isohel

Question 158

A line drawn through all points on the Earth’s surface having the same magnetic inclination is called:

Answer 158

isoclinic

Question 159

A line drawn through all points on a isomagnetic chart having the same amount of magnetic variation.

Answer 159

isogonic

Question 160

A line drawn through all points on a chart having the same amount of cloudiness is called:

Answer 160

isoneph

Question 161

A line drawn on a weather chart having equal or constant temperature.

Answer 161

isotherm

Question 162

A large, faintly colored, circular arc formed by light (usually sunlight) falling on cloud or fog.

Answer 162

all of these

Question 163

A large wave that rolls over or breaks on a beach or a reef is called:

Answer 163

comber

Question 164

A high pressure that may be completely encircled by an isobar is a:

Answer 164

Closed High

Question 165

A heavy cloud bank that appears on the horizon with the approach of an intense tropical cyclone.

Answer 165

Cloud Bar

Question 166

A front presumed to exist within the equatorial trough separating the air of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Answer 166

Intertropical front

Question 167

A front at which the warm air is ascending up the frontal surface up to high altitudes.

Answer 167

Anafront

Question 168

A front at which the warm air descends the frontal surface is a:

Answer 168

Katafront

Question 169

A front across which the characterisitics of temperature change and shift of winds are weak.

Answer 169

Diffuse front

Question 170

A forecast of weather conditions for a period extending beyond three or more days from the day of issuance.

Answer 170

Extended Forecast

Question 171

A diagram on a pilot chart consisting of a circle from which 8 or 16 lines emenate, one for each compass point wherein the length of each line is proportional to the frequency of wind from that direction,and the percentage of calms is entered at its cente

Answer 171

Wind Rose

Question 172

A countercurrent running north along the west coast of the United States from Northern California to Washington to at least 48 deg. Latitude during the winter months.

Answer 172

Davidson current

Question 173

A bar is a unit of pressure equivalent to:

Answer 173

1000 millibars