metals pt.2 🛡

Question 1

what are the methods of extraction for each of the metals?

Answer 1

1) electrolysis of its molten ionic compound (po, so, ca, ma, al)
2) reduction of oxide by carbon (zi, ir, ti, le, co, si)
3) least reactive metals occur naturally uncombined

Question 2

what is the main ore of iron?

Answer 2

haematite Fe2O3

Question 3

what reactants are put into the blast furnace for iron?

Answer 3

haematite, coke, limestone (calcium carbonate), hot air

Question 4

what products exit the blast furnace?

Answer 4

molten iron, slag (CaSiO3) waste gases (N2, CO2, CO)

Question 5

describe the process of extraction of iron

Answer 5

¯_(ツ)_/¯

Question 5

describe the process of extraction of iron

Answer 5

1) coke burns in air to form carbon dioxide (combustion)
2) heat decomposes limestone into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide (thermal decomposition)
3) carbon dioxide reacts with more coke to form carbon monoxide
4) carbon dioxide reduces haematite to form molten iron
5) calcium oxide reacts with silicon oxide impurities to form calcium silicate which forms molten slag

Question 6

reactions for the process of extraction of iron

Answer 6

1) C(s) + O2(g) -> CO2(g)
2) CaCO3(s) -> CaO(s) + CO2(g)
3) CO2(g) + C(s) -> 2CO(g)
4) Fe2O3 + 3CO -> 2Fe(l) + 3CO2(g)
5) CaO(s) + SiO2(s) -> CaSiO3(l)

Question 7

what are the conditions for rusting?

Answer 7

oxygen and water

Question 8

why do iron object near the sea/industrial area corrode rapidly?

Answer 8

presence of sodium chloride or acidic pollutants speed up the rusting process

Question 9

methods of rust prevention

Answer 9

1) using a protective layer
2) using a sacrificial metal
3) using rust-resistant alloys

Question 10

how does using a protective layer prevent rusting?

Answer 10

layer acts as a barrier between air and water

Question 11

how does using a sacrificial metal prevent rusting? (eg zinc plating iron)

Answer 11

zinc is more reactive than iron, hence zinc loses electrons more readily than iron. zinc will corrode in place of iron, preventing iron from rusting