Metals and Materials

Question 1

What is Lustre?

What is Malleable?

Answer 1

metals are shiny when freshly cut (lustrous)

metals can be bent or hammered into a new shape

Question 2

What is Ductile?

What is Sonorous?

Answer 2

metals can be stretched into thin wires

metals make a sound when hit

Question 3

What is Conductors?

What is High Melting Point?

Answer 3

metals are good heat and electricity conductors

metals can withstand high temperatures without changing state

Question 4

What is Strong?

What is Hard?

Answer 4

metals are able withstand forces, pressure, or wear

metals are solid and firm, and not easily broken

Question 5

What is Dense

Answer 5

metals are heavy for their size

Question 6

What is an Alloy?

Answer 6

mixture of different pure metal elements

Question 7

What is the Metal Structure?

Answer 7

LATTICE STRUCTURE
- Tightly packed atoms
- Valence electrons separate from atoms and become a ‘sea of free electrons’

Question 8

What does Metal Reactivity Depend On?

Answer 8

Depends on how many valence electrons the metal has

Question 9

Metals and Water

Answer 9

• Metals that react with water are the most reactive
• These normally need to be stored under oil to prevent contact with moisture in the air

Question 10

Metals and Acids

Answer 10

• All metals that react with water also react with acids.
• There are other metals that do not react with water but react with acid
• Hydrogen gas is released

Question 11

Metals & Oxygen

Answer 11

Some metals react with water and oxygen, forming metal oxides; others react with oxygen slowly.

Question 12

What is Corrosion? (3)

Answer 12

• Metals exposed to the environment can deteriorate or corrode
• The more reactive a metal is, the more likely it will be to corrode
• This reaction is called oxidation - when metal reacts with oxygen

Question 13

What does Oxidation of Metals Form

Answer 13

Metal Oxides

Question 14

What does Rust Mean?

Answer 14

The oxidation of iron
- Both water & oxygen are needed for iron to rust
- The chemical name for rust is iron oxide

Question 15

Name Two Ways of Preventing Corrosion

Answer 15

• Painting
• Galvanising

Question 16

Metal + Oxygen –>

Answer 16

Metal Oxide

Question 17

Iron + Oxygen –>

Answer 17

Iron Oxide

Question 18

Metal + Acid –>

Answer 18

Metal Salt + Hydrogen gas

Question 19

Metal + Water –>

Answer 19

Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen Gas

Question 20

What are Polymers?

Answer 20

Polymers are large molecules made of ‘many’ repeating units (or molecules).

These smaller repeating units are called ‘Monomers’

Question 21

What are Thermosetting plastics?

Answer 21

• Thermosetting plastics are not affected by heat once they have set.
• As a consequence, these are plastics that can be heated without melting.
• However, these plastics can be difficult to recycle

Question 22

What are Thermoplastic plastics?

Answer 22

• Thermoplastic plastics become soft when heated, and can be remolded into something new
• These plastics can be recycled

Question 23

What are Organic Compounds?

Answer 23

• All organic compounds are made up of one or more Carbon Atom(s). Ie
• Carbon is the basis of Organic Chemistry.

Question 24

What is a Hydrocarbon?

Answer 24

A molecule made of only carbon and hydrogen atoms

Question 25

What is a Alkane?

Answer 25

A series of hydrocarbons that are saturated (have single bonds)