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core chemistry (mine) > Metals > Flashcards

Metals Flashcards

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1
Q

Why can carbon displace iron in iron oxide

A

Carbon is more reactive than iron

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2
Q

Why are pure metals soft

A

Atoms can slide over each other

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3
Q

What are the uses of aluminium

A
  • coke cans
  • aeroplanes
  • foil
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4
Q

What are the properties of aluminium

A
  • light
  • easily shaped
  • strong
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5
Q

Why can we mine pure gold

A

Because its not very reactive

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6
Q

Why cant carbon displace sodium for sodium oxide

A

Sodium is more reactive than carbon

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7
Q

What is phytomining

A

Using plants to extract metal from low grade ores

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8
Q

Why can scrap iron displace copper

A

Iron is more reactive than copper

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9
Q

Why are alloys hard

A

distorted 3rd arrangement of metal making it harder for atoms to slide off

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10
Q

What does malleable mean

A

Easy to shape

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11
Q

Why do we use electrolysis

A

To extract metals which are more reactive than carbon

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12
Q

What is electrolysis

A

Splitting a compound into its elements using electricity

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13
Q

What is bioleaching

A

Using bacteria to extract metals from low grade ores

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14
Q

What is reduction

A

Taking oxygen out of a substance

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15
Q

What does ductile mean

A

Easy to make into wires

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16
Q

What is smelting

A

Using carbon to take oxygen from a metal oxide

17
Q

What is oxidation

A

Adding oxygen to a substance

18
Q

What is an ore

A

Compounds from which metals can be extracted from

19
Q

When a metal atom loses an electron what charge is the ion

A

Positive

20
Q

When a non metal atom gains an electron what charge is the ion

A

Negative

21
Q

What is ionic bonding

A
  • the metal atom loses and electron creating a positive ion
  • the non metal atom gains an electron creating a negative ion
  • the opposite charge of the ions means they’re strongly attached to each other
22
Q

What is covalent bonding

A
  • a compound from non-metals consists of molecules
  • each atom shares an electron with another atom
  • each atom has enough covalent bonds to fill up its outer shell
23
Q

What is a metal ore

A

A rock which contains enough metal to make it worthwhile extracting the metal from it

24
Q

How can a metal be extracted by reduction with carbon

A

• when an ore is reduced oxygen is removed from it

25
Q

What is the negative electrode called

A

Cathode

26
Q

What is the positive electrode called

A

Annode

27
Q

What is the process of bioleaching

A
  • the bacteria get energy from the bond between copper and sulphur, separating out the copper from the ore in the process
  • the leachate (the solution produced by the process) contains copper, whicn can be extracted (e.g: filtering)
28
Q

What is the process of phytomining

A
  • growing plants in soil that contains copper
  • the plants can’t use or get rid of the copper so it gradually builds up in the leaves
  • the plants cam be harvested, dried and burned in a furnace
  • the copper can be collected from te ash left behind in the furnace
29
Q

Why is mining ores bad for the environment

A
  • noise
  • scarring of the landscape
  • loss of habitats
  • deep mine shafts can be dangerous
30
Q

Why should we recycle metals

A
  • mining and extracting metals can take lots of energy most of which comes from burning fossil fuels
  • fossil fuels are running out so its important to conserve them. (Burning them also contributes to acid rain, global dimming and climate change)
  • energy isnt cheap, recycling saves money
  • theres only a finite amount of each metal in the earth
31
Q

What are the properties of titanium

A
  • light

* resistance to corrosion

32
Q

What are the uses of titanium

A
  • artificial hips

* pipes in nuclear stations

33
Q

What is displacement

A
  • if a reactive element comes into contact with a less reactive compound a chemical reaction may take place
  • the less reactive element is removed from the compound and replaced by the more reactive element

core chemistry (mine) (7 decks)

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