metals Flashcards
What is metallic bonding?
Metallic bonding is the strong electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalized electrons.
Why do metals have high melting and boiling points?
Because strong metallic bonds require a lot of energy to break.
Why are metals good conductors of electricity?
Because delocalized electrons can carry electrical charge through the metal.
Why are metals good conductors of thermal energy?
Because thermal energy is transferred by delocalized electrons through the structure.
Why are alloys harder than pure metals?
The different sizes of atoms in alloys distort the layers, making it harder for them to slide over each other.
What happens when metals react with oxygen?
They form metal oxides through oxidation (gain of oxygen).
Which metals react with cold water?
Potassium, Sodium, and Calcium, producing hydrogen gas.
What happens when metals react with acids?
Metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series produce hydrogen gas when reacting with acids.
What is a displacement reaction?
A more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its compound.
What happens when magnesium reacts with copper sulfate?
Magnesium displaces copper, forming magnesium sulfate and copper metal.
How are metals less reactive than carbon extracted?
By reduction with carbon.
What happens when iron oxide reacts with carbon monoxide?
Iron is extracted, and carbon dioxide is produced.
What are two modern methods for extracting copper from low-grade ores?
Phytomining and bioleaching.
What is reduction in chemistry?
Reduction is the loss of oxygen from a compound.
What mnemonic can help remember the reactivity series?
“Please Stop Calling My Aunty Zebra In The Class”
(Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium, Zinc, Iron, Tin, Copper)
Write the chemical equation for the reduction of iron oxide in a blast furnace.
Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO2
(Iron oxide is reduced by carbon monoxide to form iron and carbon dioxide.)
