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Chemistry > Metals > Flashcards

Metals Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens when alkali metals react with water

A

When an alkali metal reacts with water, metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas are formed.
Metal + water= metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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2
Q

What is the reactivity series?

A

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Ali minimum
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
Hydrogen
Copper
Silver
Gold

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3
Q

What forms when a metal reacts with an acid?

A

A salt and hydrogen
Metal + acid = metal salt+ hydrogen

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4
Q

Why do Copper, silver and gold not react with acids

A

Hydrogen is in all acids and they are below hydrogen in the reactivity series.

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5
Q

What is a displacement reaction?

A

A more reactive metal takes the place of a less reactive metal from its compound

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6
Q

Describe the thermite reaction

A

Aluminium + iron oxide= aluminium oxide + iron
The magnesium acts as a fuse and together with the igniter mixture provides the energy needed for the reaction to take place.

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7
Q

What must you have for rusting to occur

A

For rusting to occur you need oxygen, water and iron must be present

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8
Q

What is the chemical equation for rusting

A

Iron + water + oxygen = hydrated iron (lll) oxide

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9
Q

What are the 3 methods of rust prevention

A

Barrier method
Sacrificial protection
Galvanising

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10
Q

What is the barrier method? Disadvantages and examples

A

Coating of iron with a barrier of grease, oil, paint or plastic, it is cheap but if the coating breaks iron will rust so has to be frequently replaced. Eg. Bicycle, food cans

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11
Q

What is sacrificial protection, disadvantages and examples?

A

Blocks of a more reactive are placed on iron. The more reactive metal reacts instead of the iron. The sacrificial anodes have to be replaced when all of the metal has been oxidised. Eg. Hulls of ships, large metal structures.

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12
Q

What is galvanisation? Disadvantages and eg

A

Iron is coated in a layer of zinc. It has double protection as the zinc acts as a barrier to the iron but if it became scratched it would still protect as zinc is more reactive then iron.eg. Bridges. Watering cans

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13
Q

What is the difference for corrosion and rusting

A

Rusting only occurs with iron but corrosion occurs with all metals

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14
Q

What is the acronym for the reactivity series?

A

Please
Stop
Licking
Cold
Metals
Adam

Cold
Zebra
in
tiny
local
hospital

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15
Q

What salts do the different acids make?

A

Hydrochloric acid - metal chloride
Nitric acid- metal nitrate
Sulfuric acid - metal sulfate,

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Chemistry (5 decks)

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