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Chemistry > 03 Atmosphere And 04 Oxygen > Flashcards

03 Atmosphere And 04 Oxygen Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the four main gases in our atmosphere and what percentage are they?

A

Nitrogen - 78%
Oxygen- 21%
Carbon dioxide- 0.04%
Argon - 0.9%

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2
Q

What are the four ways in which carbon dioxide have decreased in our atmosphere?

A
  • Used as a reactant in photosynthesis.
  • Trapped in fossil fuels
  • CO2 dissolved into the oceans. Formed carbonate rocks through the CO2 reacting with metal oxides.
  • formed rocks
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3
Q

Why have oxygen levels increased in the atmosphere?

A

Product of photosynthesis
Levels of oxygen in the atmosphere therefore steadily rose.

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4
Q

Why have water vapour levels decreased?

A

-Temperature of the earth decreased.
- Water vapour condensed to form oceans

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5
Q

Why have levels of nitrogen increased in the atmosphere?

A

Nitrogen is a very stable element, therefore built up in the atmosphere

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6
Q

What is the word equation for the phosphorus experiment?

A

Phosphorus + Oxygen —> Phosphorus oxide

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7
Q

What is fractional distillation?

A

Technique used to separate the different components of the mixture of liquids. It relies upon the different liquids, having different boiling points

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8
Q

What are the steps of fractional distillation of air?

A
  1. Air is cooled to 200 degrees and the solid carbon dioxide and water is removed.
  2. The liquid is fed into the bottom of the fractionating column which is warmer at the bottom than the top.
  3. The temperature at the bottom of the column is higher than the boiling point of nitrogen so nitrogen boils, and rises to the top of the column and is piped off as a gas at the top.
  4. Oxygen and argon have higher boiling points, so they remain as liquids and are taken out at the bottom of the column.
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9
Q

What is a use for oxygen?

A

Life support

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10
Q

What is a use for nitrogen?

A

Food storage

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11
Q

What is a use for Carbon dioxide?

A

Fizzy drinks

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12
Q

What is use for argon?

A

Light bulbs

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13
Q

Is oxygen a reactive gas?

A

Yes

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14
Q

When do oxides form?

A

When an element reacts with oxygen

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15
Q

Oxygen reaction word equation

A

Rhgchhrb + Oxygen —> dghdgug oxide

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16
Q

What is the difference between metal oxides and non metal oxides?

A

Metal - basic
Non natal- acidic

17
Q

What happens when iron reacts with oxygen?

A

It sparks like fireworks and is an alkaline

18
Q

What happens when carbon reacts with oxygen?

A

It burns and forms and odourless gas. It is acidic.

19
Q

What happens when magnesium reacts with oxygen?

A

It burns the bright, white light and white powder forms

20
Q

What happens when oxygen reacts with sulphur?

A

It burns blue flame and a colourless gas forms. It is acidic.

21
Q

What happens when oxygen reacts with sodium?

A

It burns with a bright yellow flame, and it’s an alkaline solution

22
Q

What are the three components of the fire triangle?

A

Heat oxygen and fuel

23
Q

What is the word equation for complete combustion?

A

Fuel + oxygen —> Carbon dioxide + water

24
Q

What is complete combustion?

A

Enough oxygen to burn the fuel completely

25
Q

What is combustion?

A

The scientific word for burning

26
Q

What is the word equation for incomplete combustion?

A

Fuel + oxygen —> carbon monoxide ( carbon) + water

27
Q

What is incomplete combustion?

A

Not enough oxygen to burn the fuel completely

28
Q

What are the tests for water?

A

-Cobalt chloride paper turns from blue to pink
- Anhydrous copper (II) sulfate turns from white to blue

29
Q

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

A

It turns lime water, cloudy

30
Q

Describe the bell jar phosphorus experiment

A
  • light phosphorus on fire.
  • the phosphorus reacted with the oxygen and used it up so there is room for water.
  • 21% rises
31
Q

Describe copper experiment

A

Air passed over copper in the syringe and volume of gas decreases each time. Chemical reaction took place cpbecause there was a colour change to brown-> black

Chemistry (5 decks)

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