Metabolism stuff (ATP stuff)

Question 1

Oxidation is when electrons are?

Answer 1

Removed

Question 2

Reduction is when electrons are?

Answer 2

Added

Question 3

True or false: NAD is a coenzyme

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

NAD can hold __ electrons(s) and ___ proton(s)

Answer 4

2 electrons
1 proton

Question 5

What happens to NADH and FADH2 during oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 5

They are oxidized and their electrons are transferred through the etc
NADH and FADH2 creates a gradient and uses ATP synthase to add phosphorus, ADP to ATP

Question 6

What are the steps in carbohydrate catabolism?

Answer 6

Glycolysis
Krebs
Electron transport

Question 7

What does glucose turn into during glycolysis?

Answer 7

2 molecules of pyruvate

Question 8

Where does glycolysis occur?

Answer 8

In the cytoplasm of all cells

Question 9

Is there oxygen involved in glycolysis?

Answer 9

NO

Question 10

End product of glycolysis

Answer 10

2 ATP
2 NADH
2 pyruvate

Question 11

Is glycolysis an anaerobic process?

Answer 11

YES

Question 12

End product of transition step?

Answer 12

2 NADH
2 CO2
2 Acetyl CoA

Question 13

End product of Krebs cycle?

Answer 13

6 NADH
2 FADH2
2 ATP
4 CO2

Question 14

What happens in the transition step?

Answer 14

One carbon is removed from pyruvic acid
Carbon attaches to form acetate and then attaches with coenzyme A which makes acetly co a

Question 15

What happens to acetylCoA in Krebs?

Answer 15

AcetlycoA gets broken down

Question 16

Electron transport chain occurs in the __ in prokaryotes and in the __ in eukaryotes

Answer 16

Plasma membrane
Inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 17

What are the 3 carrier molecules in the electron transport chain?

Answer 17

Flavoproteins
Cytochromes
Ubiquinones

Question 18

Flavoprotein description

Answer 18

Contain flavin
Coenzyme derived from vitamin B2

Question 19

Ubiquinoone description

Answer 19

Coenzyme Q
Small nonprotein carriers
Soluble in lipid membrane

Question 20

Cytochrome description

Answer 20

protiens with an iron containing group

Question 21

Cytochrome C oxidase

Answer 21

Last molecule of ETC to transfer electrons to O2

Question 22

What is Chemiosmosis?

Answer 22

High concentration of H+ molecules accumulate and flows back in through atp synthase

Question 23

Total amount of ATP made in Prokaryote Respiration? (aerobic)

Answer 23

38 ATP

Question 24

How much ATP is made in ETC?

Answer 24

34

Question 25

Grand total ATP made in anaerobic respiration in prokaryotes?

Answer 25

5-37

Question 26

What are some reasons cells are unable to carry out respiration ?

Answer 26

Lacks sufficient amount of electron acceptors
Cell lacks genes to make electron carriers
Cells lacks genes to make one or more enzymes in Krebs cycle

Question 27

Fermentation description

Answer 27

Does not use oxygen
Produces small amounts of ATP
Does not use Krebs or ETC
Release energy from oxidation of organic molecules
Use organic molecule as electron acceptor

Question 28

What’s the advantage of fermentation?

Answer 28

Produces ATP quickly

Question 29

Types of lactic acid fermentation?

Answer 29

Homolatic fermentation
Heterolatic fermentatin

Question 30

Homolactic fermentation is?

Answer 30

Lactic acid only is produced

Question 31

Heterolactic fermentation is?

Answer 31

Produces lactic acid and other compounds

Question 32

What does alcohol fermentation produce?

Answer 32

Ethanol
CO2

Question 33

WHAT HAPPENS DURING ALCOHOL FERMENTATION?

Answer 33

GLUCOSE IS OXIDIZED TO PYRUVIC ACID
PYRUVIC ACID CONVERTED TO ACEALDEHYDE
NADH REDUCED ACETALDEHYDE TO ETHANOL