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2nd Microbio test stuff > Ch.7 > Flashcards

Ch.7 Flashcards

1
Q

Ionic bonds

A

gains or loses electrons in outer shell

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2
Q

Covalent

A

Share electrons

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3
Q

Which are stronger, ionic or covalent bonds?

A

Ionic

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4
Q

Types of chemical reactions?

A

Synthesis
Decomposition
Exchange

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5
Q

Synthesis reactions are used in ___ reactions

A

Anabolic

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6
Q

Decomposition are used in?

A

Catabolic reactions

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7
Q

Exchange reaction facts

A

Involve both decomposition and synthesis
Bonds are both made and broken

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8
Q

Types of carbs

A

Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides

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9
Q

Monosaccharide examples

A

Glucose
Deoxyribose
Fructose
Galactose

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10
Q

What are monosaccharides ?

A

Simple sugars with 3-7 carbon atoms

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11
Q

Disaccharide facts

A

When 2 monosaccharides combine by dehydration synthesis
Can be broken down by hydrolysis

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12
Q

Types of disaccarides

A

Sucrose (GLucose and fructose)
Lactose (Galactose and GLucose)
Maltose (Glucose and Glucose)

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13
Q

Types of polysaccharides

A

Starch
Glycogen
Dextran
Cellulose

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14
Q

Lipid facts

A

Primary component of cell membranes
Are nonpolar and insoluble in water
Divide into simple fats or triglycerides or complex fats

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15
Q

How are triglycerides/ fats formed?

A

By dehydration synthesis

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16
Q

How is a molecule of fat formed?

A

WHEN A molecule of glycerol comobines with one to three fatty acid molecules

17
Q

What’s a saturated fat?

A

No double bonds

18
Q

Complex lipid facts

A

Made of complex lipids called phospholipids
Have glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and phosphate group
Phospholipids have polar and nonpolar parts

19
Q

Phospholipid details

A

Are modified triglycerides
Glycerol and 2 fatty acids plus phosphorus group
Head is polar and hydrophilic
Tail is nonpolar and hydrophobic
Important for cell membrane structure

20
Q

Steroid details

A

A type of lipid
Part of membranes that keep the membranes fluid

21
Q

What’s a sterol?

A

A type of steroid
When an OH group is attached to one of the rings

22
Q

Protein details

A

Are enzymes
Proteins
Transporter proteins
Flagella
Some bacterial toxins and cell structures

23
Q

Subinit of proteins

A

Amino Acids

24
Q

Amio acid details

A

Contai alpha carbon that has
Carboxyl group
Amino group
Side group

25
Q

Peptide bonds are formed by ?

A

Dehydration synthesis

26
Q

levels of protein structue

A

1: Polypeptide strand
2: Helix and pleated sheet
3: 3D shape
4: Relationship of several folded polypeptide chains, forming a protein

2nd Microbio test stuff (5 decks)

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