Enzyme stuff Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 classes of chemical reactions for metabolism?

A

Catabolic
Anabolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Catabolic reactions facts

A

Enzyme regulated
Release Energy
Breakdown compounds into simpler ones
Hydrolytic
Exergonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anabolic reactions facts

A

Make complex compounds out of simpler ones
Involve dehydration synthesis reactions
Endergonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do enzymes do?

A

Lower the activation energy needed for a reaction
Help with metabolic pathways
Are catalysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or false: Enzymes are proteins

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Do enzymes raise the temperature?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Enzymes are__ in the reaction

A

Not destroyed/ consumed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Enzymes are encoded by?

A

GENES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does collision theory state?

A

Chemical reactions occur when atoms, ions, and molecules collide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is activation energy?

A

The collision energy required for a chemical reaction to occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is reaction rate?

A

Frequency of collisions containing enough energy to bring about a reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are some things that can increase the reaction rate?

A

Enzymes (by lowering activation energy)
Increasing temperature
Increasing pressure/ concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are catalysts?

A

Substances that can speed up chemical reactions without being permanently altered
Ex: enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the enzyme substrate complex?

A

Substrate contacts enzyme’s active site which forms the complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the turnover number?

A

Number of substrate molecules an enzyme converts to a product per second
Generally 1-10,000
High as 500,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Enzymes exist in cell as __ and ___ and can switch between these 2 depending on the enironment

A

Active; inactive

17
Q

When naming enzymes, the always end in?

18
Q

What’s the apoenzyme?

A

The protein component of enzyme
Inactive by themselves
Must be activated by cofactors

19
Q

What’s a cofactor?

A

The non protein component of enzyme

20
Q

What’s a coenzyme?

A

A cofactor that is an organic molecule

21
Q

What’s a holoenzyme?

A

The “whole/active” enzyme
When apoenzyme and cofactor combine

22
Q

If the __ is removed the apoenzyme will not function

23
Q

What are the 2 most important coenyzmes for metabolism?

A

NAD+ (catabolic reactions)
NADP+(Anabolic reactions)
Both of these are electron carriers

24
Q

What factors influence enzyme activity?

A

Temperature
pH
Substrate Concentration
Inhibitors

25
Enzyme inhibitors can either be ?
Competitive Noncompetitve
26
What do competitive inhibitors do?
Fill the active site of an enzyme and compete with substrate Attach to active site
27
What do noncompetitive inhibitors do?
Interact with allosteric site rather than the active site This changes the shape of active site Can be reversible or irreversible