Metabolism Review Flashcards
1
Q
Pancreas
A
- Both an endocrine and exocrine gland
Produces hormones and digestive enzymes
2
Q
Alpha cells
A
- Produce Glucagon
2. Promotes an increase in the blood glucose level by signaling liver to release glucose from glycogen stores
3
Q
Beta Cells
A
- Produce Insulin
- Facilitates the uptake and use of glucose by cells.
- Decreases blood glucose levels
4
Q
Hormones
A
- Chemical messengers secreted by the endocrine organs and transported throughout the body, where they exert their action on specific cells called target cells
5
Q
Metabolism
-Nursing Assessment
A
- Medical hx
- Family med hx
- Medications including nutritional supplements, herbs, and vitamins
- Comfort – sleep patterns
6
Q
Metabolism
-Nutritional Assessment
A
- Diet (type and quantity)
- Fluid intake (type and quantity)
- Appetite and changes in huber or thirst
- Weight changes
- Energy level changes
- Difficulty swallowing or eating
- Changes in elimination
- Height
7
Q
Metabolism
-Tissue integrity Assessment
A
- Changes in skin and hair
- Color and texture, moisture and lesions
- Texture, distribution, and condition of hair and nails
8
Q
Metabolism
-Neuro/Cognitive Assessment
A
- Facial Symmetry and position of eyes
9
Q
Metabolism
-Mobility Assessment
A
- Deep tendon reflexes
- Hypocalcemic tetany
- Trousseau’s sign
- Chvostek’s sign
10
Q
Hypocalcemic Tetany
A
- Intermittent tonic muscular spasms that typically involve the arms or legs
11
Q
Trousseau Sign
A
- Muscular spasm of the hand and wrist from pressure on the nerves and vessels of the upper arm
- Usually a result of hypocalcemia
12
Q
Chvostek’s Sign
A
- A spasm of the facial muscles following a tap on the facial nerve; seen in hypocalcemic tetany
13
Q
Metabolism Considerations
-Older Adults
A
- Lower basal metabolic rate
- Increased incidence of HYPOTHYROIDISM
- Decreased fat absorption and digestion
- Decreased absorption of fat-soluble vitamins
- Decreased ability to metabolize glucose
14
Q
BMI Formula
A
BMI =
(Weight in Pounds / (Height in inches X height in inches)) X 703
15
Q
BMI Results
A
- 30 = Obese
