Metabolism Glucidic Flashcards

1
Q

normoglicemie

A

50-100 mg/dl

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2
Q

hiperglicemia poate fi consecinta

A

-deficit secretie insulina=deficit absolut
-deficit actiune insulina=insulinorezistenta
-exces h cu efect hiperglicemiant
-tratamente care au ca efect secundar hiperglicemia (ex glucocorticoizi, contraceptive orale)

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3
Q

complicatii acute DZ

A

-hipoglicemie
-cetoacidoza
-coma hipoglicemica hiperosmolara fara cetoacidoza

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4
Q

complicatii cronice DZ

A

micro si macroangiopatie diabetica

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5
Q

DZ 1

A

distructia celulelor Beta pancreatice (mecanism autoimun)

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6
Q

DZ 2

A

deficit progresiv al secr de insulina pe fondul insulinorezistentei periferice

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7
Q

Probe statice pt metabolism glucidic

A

-glicemie
-glicozurie
-cetonemie
-cetonurie
-hemoglobina glicata
-fructozamina serica
-dozarea insulinei si peptidului C plasmatice, auto-anticorpii

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8
Q

probe dinamice pt metabolism glucidic

A

-test de toleranta la glucoza pe cale orala =TTGO
-test de toleranta la glucoza administrata intravenos

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9
Q

indicatii pt determinarea glicemiei

A

-screening ul celor care au factori de risc pt DZ
-diagnosticul si monitorizarea DZ
-urmarirea evolutiei DZ si ef tratam
-diagnostic sdr hipoglicemice
-afectiuni hepatice + insuf hepatica
-afectiuni pancreatice
-afectiuni intestinale (scaderea abs)
-endocrinopatii

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10
Q

factori de risc pt DZ

A

-antecedente heredocolaterale de DZ
-antecedente personale de diabet gestational
-obezitate
-femei cu istoric de nastere de copii macrosomi
-dislipidemie

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11
Q

valori glicemie bazala pt diabet zaharat

A

2 valori ale glicemiei a jeun peste 126 mg/dl confirma diagnosticul de DZ

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12
Q

corpii cetonici cu importanta fiziopatologica

A

-acetona
-acid betahidroxibutiric (se mas din sg capilar)
-acid acetoacetic (se mas din sg venos)

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13
Q

ce sugereaza cetonuria la pac cu DZ

A

decompensarea metabolica a bolii
evolutie spre cetoacidoza diabetica

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14
Q

indicatii dozare insulina plasmatica

A

-investigarea episoadelor recurente hipoglicemice (confirmare/excludere insulinom)
-investigare insulinorezistenta periferica

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15
Q

indicatii determinare peptid C plasmatic

A

-aprecierea secr pancreatice endogene de insulina la pac cu DZ tratati cu insulina exogena
-investigare episoade de hipoglicemie a jeun
-det secr reziduale de insulina la pac cu insulinoterapie recent instituita
-evaluarea pac cu pancreatectocmie pt insolinom
-diferentiere intre DZ 1 si 2
-dg dif intre hipoglicemie indusa de adm unor doze prea mari de insulina si hipogliceia dat suprapunerii a 2 afectiuni (insulinom+DZ cu tratam cu insulina)

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16
Q

indicatii dozare auto anticorpi

A

-dif intre DZ 1 si 2
-evaluare risc de a dezv DZ 2 la rudele pac cu DZ 1
-evaluarea risc la pac cu diabet gestational

17
Q

indicatii test de toleranta la glucoza pe cale orala

A
  • pac suspectati cu DZ la care glicemia bazala nu este concludenta, care pot prezenta istoric familial de DZ, obezitate, boli infectioase recurente
    -femei cu istoric de nastere de copii macrosomi, nastere prematura, DZ gestational
18
Q

contraindicatii TTGO

A

-istoric recent interventie chirugicala, IMA, nastere
-afectiuni intercurente
-afectarea abs intestinale a glucidelor
-retard mental
-DZ diagnosticat

19
Q

indicatii test de toleranta la cortizon-glucoza

A

la pers suspecte de DZ cu TTGO negativ

20
Q

indicatii test de toleranta la glucoza adm iv= testul CONRAD

A

la pac care nu pot efectua TTGO (pac cu gastrectomie, stenoza pilorica, sdr de malabs, rezectii intestinale)

21
Q
A